Dorset Flashcards
Populations (4)
B = 1200
H = 1400
SP = 650
W = 1200
What’s the area liked (2)
Low lying = vulnerable to flooding
Rural area with small settlements
Where is it located
East coast of Norfolk on the North Sea
Rate of erosion (2)
2m a year
250m lost 1500-1850
Coastal flooding effect
1953 flood claimed 53 lives
Coastal processes (3)
Erosion = hydraulic action + Corrasion
Weathering + mass M + landslides
Longshore drift = southward
Future impacts on coast
Rising sea levels + increased intensity of storms = increased erosion
Geology (3+)
Cliffs formed from layers of soft unconsolidated sedimentary rocks = boulder clay
Cliffs undercut by wave action
Cliffs very vulnerable to cliff slumping
Traditional coastal management (2+)
1950s = groynes, riprap and wooden revetments = protect cliffs from erosion at H
Since the 1990s most of these have not been maintained
SMP6 how more sustainable (5+)
Environmentally sustainable
Economically justifiable
Socially acceptable
Holistic and integrated
Covers the next 100 years – taking into account rising costs
Why traditional preach unsustainable (4+)
The cost of maintaining the defences would have been too high given:
Geology of the coast – the glacial till cliffs were rapidly eroding.
The sizable fetch and North Sea storms = large destructive waves = erosion
Frequent storm surges + rising sea levels led to an increased flood risk
Main stakeholders in SMP6 (3+)
The Environment Agency
North Norfolk District Council
Local councils + Regional Coastal groups
Outline and explain the current management strategy for Bacton (3+)
Hold the line through hard engineering strategies
The gas terminal is of national and international importance and the soft rocks make it vulnerable to erosion
The sea walls will be maintained, and new riprap and groynes will be installed
How will the strategy at Bacton impact other areas along the coast?
Trapping sediment at Bacton will increase the rate of erosion further south
Outline and explain the current management strategy for Happisburgh (3-)
Managed retreat
Flood risk is minimal given the higher relief here
Although rates of erosion are high population is relatively low + value of the farmland is low
Outline the impact of managed retreat on residents (4)
Financial loss
Plummeting house prices
Loss of land + property
Distress
What support has been offered to residents in Happisburgh? (3)
Legal advice
Redevelopment funds
Planning + architectural services
Outline and explain the current management strategy for Sea Palling (3)
Hold the line in the short and medium term
Managed retreat in the longer term
Monitor the extent and impact of saltwater intrusion on Broadland
Initial plan for sea palling (2+)
Advance the line with 9 offshore reefs = abandoned due to the high cost = 16 million
Also starved other areas = winterton
Figures that illustrate the economic importance of Broadland/Norfolk Broads to the local economy
Over 7 million tourists visitors a year contributing £400 million to the local economy
Outline and explain the current management strategy for Winterton (3+)
Do nothing
Additional offshore barriers at Sea Palling were cancelled due to the increased erosion at Winterton
The sand dunes are an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB) and A Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI).
Outline limitations of SMP6 (4+)
Ill feeling amongst coastal communities = left to fend for themselves
Some environmentally valuable areas such as the sand dunes at Winterton have been protected although their economic benefits are not obvious to locals
SMP6 does not factor in compensation to local people
The plan does not consider inland areas that are intrinsically linked to the coast
How much of the Environment Agency’s budget is allocated to coastal defences?
5%
