DONE: Cardiac Lecture 1

Question 1

Q. _______ is the size of a fist between right and left pleural cavities at the MSL (midsternal line) line in the body.

Answer 1

A. Heart

Question 2

Q. Lined with endothelium cells, can release nitric oxide and can cause dilation. What layer of the heart is this?

Answer 2

A. Endocardium Inner Layer of the Heart

Question 3

Q. Muscle thick contractile middle layer; if this dies, heart does not work. What layer of the heart is this?

Answer 3

A. Myocardium Middle Layer of the Heart

Question 4

Q. Visceral Layer. What layer of the heart is this?

Answer 4

A. Epicardium Outer Layer of the Heart

Question 5

Pericardial Sac Surrounds the Heart

Q. What is the normal range for Pericardial fluid?

Answer 5

A. 10-30 mL normal range)

Question 6

Q. Septum separates what four chambers of the heart?

Answer 6

A. 4 chambers of the muscular organ include the R/L Atria R/L Ventricle

Question 7

Q. Outermost Layer of the heart

What layer of the heart is this?

Answer 7

A. Epicardium

Question 8

Q. The thick muscular middle layer dies in a heart attack causing the heart to have decreased contactility, which leads to impaired pumping. What is this cardiovascular disorder called?

Answer 8

A. Myocardial Infarction

Question 9

Q. __________ made up of endothelium cells which release _______ which causes dilation of blood vessels in th heart and the entire cardiovascular system. _________ and _________ damage the endothelial layer causing the heat to lose the ability to relax which leaves the blood vessels constantly constricted which leads to __________.

Answer 9

A. Endocardium and Nitrous (Nitric) Oxide and Smoking and diabetes and High Blood Pressure

Question 10

Q. What are the large smooth muscle which helps propel blood forward.

Answer 10

A. arteries

Question 11

Q. What are the smaller; smooth muscle, major control of arteriole blood pressure and to move (distribute) blood to necessary areas of the body

Answer 11

A. Arterioles

Question 12

Q. These are made up of endothelial cells

Answer 12

A. Capillaries; thickness is the size of one red blood cell (thin wall for easy permeability).

Question 13

Q. What is the best place to assess for heart sounds?

Answer 13

A. Mitral Area: Have patient relax and not talk and keep anyone in the room quiet and tv noise.

Question 14

Q. These are part of the afferent wing of the circulatory system, which returns blood to the heart

Answer 14

A. Veins

Question 15

Q. A blood vessel that carries blood that is low in oxygen content from the body back to the heart. The deoxygenated form of hemoglobin (deoxy-hemoglobin) in venous blood makes it appear dark.

Answer 15

A. Veins

Question 16

Q. These are the thin layer of simple squamous cells that lines the interior surface of blood vessels and lymphatic vessels, forming an interface between circulating blood or lymph in the lumen and the rest of the vessel wall) which exchange nutrients and metabolic end products (waste) takes place.

Answer 16

A. The endothelium

Question 17

Q. After oxygen, CO2, and nutrients has been exchanged then the blood enters these small blood vessels made up of muscle and connective tissue ( hangs off of the capillary bed) that merge and drain into the veins and return blood from other tissues to the heart through inferior and superior vena cava.

Answer 17

A. Venules