dominance model

Question 1

zimmerman and west (70’s)

Answer 1

-advocate for dominance model
-“men deny equal status to women as conversational partners”
- studied interupptions between men and women and found, 96% of the time men interrupted

Question 2

criticisms of Z&W study

Answer 2

-small data set: white,western, middle class people
-missing contextual factors: e.g, age, social class, type of interruption

Question 3

Julia Goldberg

Answer 3

-studied types of interuption
-power:
breaks in/cuts off the speaker as a way to display some form of social
-neutral:
seek to repair, repeat or clarify something the speaker just said rapport:
designed to display mutuality and generally conveys the impression that the interuppter understands with the speaker and or interpreted as collabrative or cooperative

Question 4

geoffrey beattie

Answer 4

-argues against the dominance model
-minor and marginal differences in interruptions: 33.8% for women 34% for men
-larger data set when mimicking z&w’s study, making Beatties study more valid/credible

Question 5

Don Kulick

Answer 5

-Gapun, Papa New Guinea
-Kros, linguistic monologue limited to women which promote a dominant, hostile style of interaction
-men submissive
-challenged western stereotype and shows that it cannot be applied universally

Question 6

jacobi and schweers(2017)

Answer 6

-analyzed transcripts of oral arguments made before the U.S Supreme Court to find that senior justices interrupted their junior collegues more frequentluy than the reverse, regardless of the gender
-occupation plays an important role

Question 7

Kollock (80’s)

Answer 7

• studied conversations among couples, including male couples, female couples and same sex couples. they found that partners who were considered to have more social power interrupted their partners more often, reguardless of the gender compostion of the dyad.

Question 8

Menz and Florian (2000’s)

Answer 8

-Furthermore, a study of interviews between physicians and patients found that physicians, who are considered to hold higher status than their patients in terms of prestiege, are much more likely to interrupt their patients, regardless of the sex of the patient or the physician. Patients interrupted senior physicians at a lower rate than they interrupted doctors who were in training, indicating that the senior physicians are reguarded as having a higher status than their junior colleagues.