domestic politics Flashcards by lavigne araque

Not only power struggles in government, but
also political parties

Polity

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Pointed out the nature of the regime – its
inclusiveness and public contestation

Hegemonies fall prey to the syndrome that all
opposition is disloyal

Polyarchies are prone to polarization

Robert Dahl

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 Sets the key interest rates
 Works independently from the government;
immune to presidential pressure
 PH Equivalent: Governor of the BSP
 Federal Reserve: Central Bank of the US

CHAIRMAN OF THE FEDERAL RESERVE

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Requested $5 billion from the Congress to build
a border wall – but was denied

Donald Trump

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RATIFYING A TREATY

Two-thirds of the Senate is needed

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 When members don’t believe in the leader
anymore

Vote of no confidence

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 US’ secret sale of arms to Iran

IRAN-CONTRA SCANDAL

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Agreement that halted funding to the Contras

BOLAND AGREEMENT

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Former US Secretary of Defense who was
indicted for the Iran-Contra Scandal

Casper Weinberger

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Pardoned nearly all individuals involved in the
Iran-Contra Scandal

George H. W. Bush

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A military helicopter that was too expensive,
but the US decided to buy it anyway

V-22 OSPREY

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Already finished or unmeaningful government
programs that are still funded [because of
politics]

Zombie Programs

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A large military program for combat aircraft
development – which impacted US allies’
domestic politics

Joint Strike Fighter (JSF) Program

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News featured in mainstream international
news channels like CNN are considered more
important/urgent

CNN Effect

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US President involved in the 1994 Rwandan
Genocide

Bill Clinton

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POTENTIAL ACTOR TYPES

Executive branch, legislative branch,
judicial branch, think tanks, the media, and
unions

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likened the movements of
all these players to simultaneous play on
two linked game boards: Two game levels: Domestic and international

Robert Putnam

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4th G7 Meeting in 1978 involving US, Germany,
and Japan

Bonn Summit

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Obama’s program to end Iran’s nuclear weapon
program

Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPA)

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The actors’ proximity to the foreign
policy decision-making positions

Proximity

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How cohesive or fragmented
each of the identified actors is

Cohesiveness

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The number of people represented by the
actor in question

Size

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The degree of difference in viewpoint between the domestic actor and the
regime

Viewpoint

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How active a particular actor has been
on a given foreign policy issue

Activity

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Classified regimes: o Most cohesive: Single leader o Least cohesive: No dominant group  The more fragmented the regime, the more constraints it faces in foreign policy

Joe Hagan

“Presidential influence over foreign policy is greatest when distributional politics around a foreign policy instrument are low”

MILNER & TINGLEY

Actors that operate at the intersection of international and domestic spheres [regional] o Ex. European Union & African Union

Intermestic Actors

Policymaking in parliamentary democracies  Illuminated a type of domestic “chessboard” functions

Julies Kaarbo

Classified regime approaches based on two (2) political motivations: o Desire to prevent harm to one’s political career o Desire to enhance one’s standing in the political arena

Douglas Van Belle

Henry Queuille: French President of the council; “absence of solution” o Patrick Haney: Frustration of journalists in the Nixon Administration

Ignoring Strategy

French President of the council; “absence of solution”

Henry Queuille

Frustration of journalists in the Nixon Administration

Patrick Haney

Provide tangible rewards or punishment to the opposition

Direct tactics

Outpersuade the opposition o “Narrative dominance” or Battle of Narratives o Concept of “Red Herring”: Depicting the issue to paint a better picture for the regime

Indirect tactics

Concept of “Wiggle Rooms”: Space for compromise o Fallujah, Iraq was not attacked initially due to civilian population o Ukrainian Orange Revolution of 2004: Showed that regimes rarely survive major compromise intact [An election overturned]

Compromise

Former US Secretary of State who presented Saddam Hussein’s WMDs to the UN  Outpersuade the opposition to “stay the course”

Colin Powell

Muted for criticizing Chechnya  Had an anti-terrorism campaign

George W. Bush

Pakistani President that Bush filed to criticize

Pervez Musharraf

The condition created by the Cold War  Political differences should be set aside to show a united front in international affairs

POLITICS STOPPED AT THE WATER’S EDGE

Phenomenon where national unity and public support for government leaders increase in times of crisis or wars

Rally round the flag

First US President to visit China  Promised “peace with honor”

Richard Nixon

US President who had an issue in Israeli settlement

Barack Obama

Term that means “to give in to pressure or demands”

Caving

Historian who said that the US came “full circle” in the Vietnam War

John Stoessinger

Leader of Vietnamese insurgent groups  Admirer of the US Constitution  Hated the French

Ho Chi Minh

Friend of Ho Chi Minh  Sold the Vietnamese people in exchange for French support

Franklin Roosevelt

Had no love for the French but allowed them to take back their colonies  Funded 1/3 of the Vietnam War = $300 million

Harry Truman

Republican senator who was a communist hater/Inward-looking  Called communist sympathizers “pinkos”

Joseph Mccarthy

Asian Experts in the State Department who were replaced

China Hands

Funded ½ of the Vietnam War = $1 billion  Republican administration

Dwight Eisenhower

Ended the Vietnam War

Geneva Accords

Formed by Dwight Eisenhower as a collective security treaty to protect South Vietnam

Southeast Asian Treaty Organization (SEATO)

Youngest US President; succeeded Eisenhower  Had an advisor who was Kenneth O’ Donnell  Escalated the Vietnam War by sending Special Forces

John F. Kennedy

Succeeded Kennedy after he was assassinated  “The Vietnam War is a conflict that we cannot win nor lose”

Lyndon B. Johnson

Broadcast journalist; “most trusted man in America” at the time

Walter Cronkite

- he argues that global conflict in post cold war is not ideological but rather cultural. Post cold war would see a clash of civilizations

Samuel Huntington

- culture quickly becomes “the explanation of last resort”

Lucian Pye

started in Finland, but has since spread to Sweden and Norway, and which opposes non-Nordic immigration to those lands. Their logo is a helmeted Viking, whose beard is the flag of their own nation.

Soldiers of Odin

organized body of rules

LeVine

patterned ways of thinking, feeling and reaction

Kluckhohn

set of human-made objective and subjective elements

Triandis

learned systems of meaning, communicated by means of natural language

d'Andrade

historically transmitted pattern of meanings

Geertz