Domestic (intimate partner) violence Flashcards
Domestic or intimate partner violence is defined by the WHO as?
‘any behaviour within an intimate relationship that causes:
- physical,
- psychological or
- sexual harm to those in the relationship’.
However, the abuse can be of :
- an elderly parent by the children or
- from some other member of the household to another member.
The usual focus is on women who are subjected to violence
- and men who use violence.
A major problem in dealing with domestic violence is that:
It is hidden and
The victims are reluctant to divulge the cause of their injuries when visiting GPs.
Possible presentations
One study defines a 3-stage sequence to the battering syndrome:
Stage 1: woman presents with injuries in the central anterior regions of the body
- face, head & torso
Stage 2: multiple visits to clinics,
- often with vague complaints.
Stage 3: development of psychological sequelae
- alcohol, drug addiction, suicide attempts, depression
Cycle of violence
A predictable pattern that is referred to as the ‘cycle of violence’ has been identified in many marriages.
It is controlled by the perpetrator while the victim feels confused and helpless.
The cycle repeats itself with a tendency for the violence to increase in severity
Management
The keys to successful management are:
- initial recognition of the problem
- establishment of empathetic caring
- support for the victim and family
As with an alcohol problem, the person has to admit that they have a problem before effective counselling can begin.
Management strategy for domestic violence
Suggested safety plan for an abusive incident:
Call emergency, e.g. 111
Identify family and friends who can provide support
Put aside emergency money and pack a bag of clothing and toiletries (on standby)
Be aware of all exit routes and safety areas
Safely exit the house
Seek help and a refuge
Ask neighbours to call police if they hear a disturbance
