Domains of Neuropsychological Function Flashcards
Intelligence
The ability to problem solve, think rationally and abstractly, adapt to circumstances, act in a goal directed manner, reason, learn and comprehend
Catell Horn Carol Model of Intelligence
Prevaling model of intelligence. Factor analytic model, combination of fluid and crystallized intelligence theory and carrolls three stratum theory. Top down hierarchical model that posits multiple distinc intelligences 8 relatively bord intelligences such as Gf and Gc and 70 other narrow abilities. Get a general number but also measure of specific abilities
Gardner Multiple intelligences
linguistic, logical mathematical and spatial, musical, bodily knestehtic, naturalistics, interpersonal, intrapersonal - some of these not captured by intellgience tests
Intellectual Disability
Developmental disorder onset <18 substantially subnormal IQ >2 SD below mean plus significant deficits in two or more adaptive skills
Dementia
Syndrome (set of signs and symptoms) that stems from a disease or medical condition involving a decline in or loss of general cognitive ability or multlple areas of cognitive impairment of sufficient severity to impair social and or occupational functioing. Decline in intelligence measures as dementia progresses.
Savantism
intellectuals with ID or autism have one or more specific or narrow remarkable talents that exist in stark contrast to their intellectual disability. Causes are unknown may be congenital or cwuired. six times more common in males than females. Savant skills most commonly are good memory, calculation, calendar knowldeged, articist or language abilities
Attention/Concentration
Process whereby individuals receive and process incoming info. Cloasely assoc with perception, EF and memory and esp WM.
Simple attention
voluntar, capacity, attn to info that is lost if not rehearsed. Meas by digit span, corsi blocks
Focused attention
ability to allocate and direct attention that is dependent on capacity (Digit symbol Coding)
Selective attention
proc by which one choses some info over other surounding info or distractors (e.g, cancellation)
Sustained (vigilance/concentration)
maintaining attn over a period of time (CPT)
Divided
Concentrating on more than one task at a time or multiple aspects wihtin a task referred to as multi tasking by some in the lay public (Paced AUditory Serial Addition TEst)
Posner & Petersen model of attention
Two major areas: posterior (orienting and shifting attention) and anterior (detection subsystem) netwoks that are interconnected allowing for completion of multiple aspects of a task such as both the orienting and detection of a stimulus.
- A third area, the alerting network (ARAS underpinned) inflences both anterior and posterior operating at high or low levels of arousal
Processing speed
speed at which metnal activities are performed and is aprominent feature of the brains cognitive efficiency affecting attention as well as other higher order cognitivie rpcoesses. dependent on neural transmissiona nd integrity and volume of white matter making up cortico cortocal connections. Other brain aras affecting proc speed include basal ganglia, frontal regions (espt DLPFC) and cerebellom (CODING AND PASAT)
Delirium
Waxing and waning attention, increased distractability, poor awareness, persistent confusion, SPAN & Arousal primary affected processes
