Domain III C, D, E & F Flashcards
What does ALARA stand for?
As Low as Reasonably Achievable
What are 3 safety measures to reduce patient’s x-radiation exposure?
Use of digital sensors or the fastest image receptor compatible with the diagnostic task (F-speed film or digital), collimation of the beam to the size of the receptor whenever feasible,
proper film exposure and processing techniques,
beam alignment devices,
use of protective aprons and thyroid collars, when appropriate,
limiting the number of images obtained to the minimum necessary to obtain essential diagnostic information.
What are 3 safety measures to reduce operator’s x-radiation exposure?
Using proper operator protection techniques, following protection guidelines (protective barriers), using radiation-monitoring devices.
When digital sensors are not used, what film is the most effective method of reducing a patient’s radiation exposure?
F-speed (fast film)
True or False. The longer (16 inch) PID is preferred because it produces less divergence of the x-ray beam
True
___________ is used to restrict the size and shape of the x-ray beam and reduce patient exposure.
Collimation
The intensifying screen layers are made out of what?
Phosphor crystals that fluoresce when exposed to radiation.
What are 3 common techniques when taking images?
Paralleling technique, bisecting technique and bite-wing technique.
The dental radiographer must stand at least how many feet away from the x-ray tube head during x-ray exposure?
6-feet (2 meters)
What are 2 objects the dental radiographer must never hold while taking x-ray images?
A receptor and the x-ray tubehead.
Radiation injury is affected by?
Total dose, dose rate, amount of tissue irradiated, cell sensitivity and patient’s age.
What is the recommended size of the beam at the patient’s face?
2.75 inches
Short-term effects vs. Long-term effects
Short term effects are the following latent period, effects that are seen within minutes, days or weeks. Short term effects are associated with large amounts of radiation absorbed in a short time and includes nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, hair loss, and hemorrhage. Long term effects appear after years, decades, or generations. Long term effects are associated with small amounts of radiation absorbed repeatedly over a long period of time. This radiation exposure is linked to the induction of cancer, birth abnormalities, and genetic defects.
With dental imaging procedures, which 4 critical organs are at risk?
Thyroid gland, active bone marrow, skin and eyes.
Radiation injury follows a sequence of what events?
Latent period, prior of injury, and period of recovery
