Domain I - Expose and Evaluate Flashcards
What are the two radiographic exposure concepts!?
Intraoral / Extraoral
Means inside the mouth
Intraoral
Means outside the mouth
Extraoral
is a measurement of force that refers to the potential difference between two electrical charges. Higher of this creates an x-ray beam that can go through thicker/denser areas
Voltage
is the maximum voltage or an alternating current. This also controls the quality of the x-ray beam. Can be considered a fix value during exposure
Kilovoltage
is the overall darkness or blackness of an image. When kilovoltage is increased this is also increased and vice versa
Density
refers to how sharply dark and light areas are different and/or sepearted in an image. As kilovoltage decreases this will increase and vice versa.
Contrast
refers to the interval of time during which x-rays are produced. If this increases then more x-rays are taken and a darker image results
Exposure Time
2 basic fundamentals for this technique: the image receptor is placed parallel to the long axis of the tooth. AND The central ray of the x-ray beam is perpendicular to the tooth.
Paralleling Technique
These are advantages for what kind of technique!? : Accuracy, Simplicity, and Duplication
Paralleling Technique
These are disadvantage for what kind of technique!? : Receptor placement AND Discomfort
Parallelling Technique
- Main errors in what kind of technique!? : Foreshortening AND Elongation
Bisecting Technique
- These are all reasons to use the bisecting technique : Narrow arch, short lingual frenum, mal-aligned teeth, tori, edentulous. True OR False !?
TRUE
The _____ film is used for examination of large areas of the maxilla or the mandible.
Occlusal- (p.65)
True or False: The periapical film is used to examine the entire tooth (crown & root) and supporting bone.
True (p.64)
The bite-wing film is particularly useful in examining ________, or adjacent, tooth surfaces.
Interproximal (p. 64)
What is an extraoral technique that is used to examine the maxilla and the mandible on a single projection?
Panoramic Image (p. 244)
List 5 things that will prepare our patient for the radiograph being taken.
- Explain procedure
- Adjust chair
- Adjust the headrest
- Place & secure the lead apron with thyroid collar
- Request patient remove eyeglasses and all objects from the mouth or face that could interfere with procedure. (p. 182 or 203)
What is the image that shows the bony and soft tissue areas of the facial profile?
A cephalometric image – (p.66)
What is the imaging technique that uses a cone-shaped x-ray beam to acquire information and present it in 3D?
Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT)- (p.299)
What three sizes are available for periapical film?
Size 0(very small children), size 1(anterior teeth in adults), size 2 (known as standard film for adults for anterior & posterior)- (p. 65)
What three sizes are available for bite-wing film?
Size 0 (small children), size 2 (most frequently used, for older children & adults), size 3 (shows all posterior teeth on one side of arch in one radiograph)- (p. 65)
What size does the occlusal film come in?
Size 4 (used to show large areas of the maxilla or the mandible)- (p.65)
What technique could you use for someone with severe gag reflexes?
Starts with anterior exposures, then premolar shot before the molars, and then the maxillary molars must be last.
T/F: Deep breathing through the nose helps a patient with severe gag reflexes.
True
Why are radiographic examination techniques modified so often?
To accommodate patients with special needs.
is a reflex contraction of the muscles of the throat caused especially by stimulation (as by touch) of the pharynx.
Gag reflex
How should you approach a patient with visual impairments?
Give clear verbal directions, offer to guide them with your arm, explain each procedure before doing it with clear instructions.
What should you do if your patient has a hearing impairment?
Use their caretaker as an interpreter, use a lot of gestures and facial expressions, write down instructions if needed, face the patient when speaking, and talk slow and clear.
We should use a and a when taking radiographs on a pregnant woman.
Lead apron and thyroid collar
How should you handle a patient with a mobility disability?
Assist then in the dental chair if able, make sure they are comfortable before performing any tasks, and ask the caregiver for assistance if need be.
You (should or should not) ask the patient personal questions about their disability.
Should not
What are some features for a diagnostically acceptable image?
Image is clear, shows all parts of the tooth, no placement errors, and correct exposure time
Too much vertical angulation results in images that are?
Foreshortening
An overexposed image appears?
Dark
An underexposed image appears?
Light
If the Kilo voltage is low the image has what type of density and contrast
Low density and high contrast
As long as you have a lead apron being exposed to radiation doesn’t affect you.
False
