Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

BIO210B unit 1 > Domain Eukarya > Flashcards

Domain Eukarya Flashcards

1
Q

is domain archaea prokaryotes or eukaryotes?

A

prokaryotes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

why can domain archaea not be studied much?

A

they are extremophiles so we cannot replicate their environment in a lab

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what does “archaeotes” mean

A

archaean

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what are the 3 kingdoms in domain eukarya?

A
  1. kingdom plantae
  2. kingdom animalia
  3. kingdom fungi
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what are the characteristics of eukaryotes?

A

have organelles

have a nucleus

are large

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is a protist?

A

eukaryote that is not a plant, animal or fungi

came around 1.8 mya

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

secondary endosymbiosis

A

when a eukaryotic organism becomes endosymbiont itself

larger eukaryote eats a smaller eukaryote to make a more specialized organism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

characteristics of supergroup excavata

A

have flagellum

unique cytoskeleton made of microtubules

free living, symbiotic, human pathogens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

supergroup excavata, class parabasalid

A

anaerobic: dislike water

ex. mutualist in termite guts to break down cellulose in wood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

supergroup excavata, phylum euglenozoa

A

have spiral crystalline rod structure in flagella

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

supergroup excavata, phylum euglenozoa, class kinetoplastida

A

single large mitochondria
- antiparasite drug targets this

can survive bc they shapeshift surface proteins so immune system cannot fight it

ex. Trypanosoma (blood parasite that causes African Sleeping Sickness)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

supergroup excavata, phylum euglenozoa, class euglenoidea

A

have pocket at end of cell

2 flagella

mixotrophs (photoautotroph and chemoheterotroph)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

supergroup SAR

A

includes
1. stremenopiles
2. alveolata
3. rhizaria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

supergroup SAR, phylum heterokontophyte (stremenopiles)

A

means different flagella plant

are photosynthetic

2 types of flagella (1 long and hairy, 1 short and smooth)

  1. class bacillariophyceae
  2. class crysophycaeae
  3. class phyaeophyceae
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

phyceae

A

means seaweed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

supergroup SAR, phylum heterokontophyte, class bacillariophyceae

A

diatoms

2 shell halves made of silica (fit like lid on a shoebox)

pores help with weight distribution
- very strong stable and structured

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

supergroup SAR, phylum heterokontophyte, class crysophycaeae

A

golden algae

mixotrophs

18
Q

supergroup SAR, phylum heterokontophyte, class phyaeophyceae

A

brown algae

multicellular (get huge)

use floats (pneumatophores) to stay upright

alternation of generations life cycle

19
Q

explain the reproduction cycle of diatoms (class bacillariophyceae)

A

two shell halves split in two and form two diatoms (asexual repro) —> get smaller and smaller each time they split and eventually cannot split anymore —> (sexual repro) produces sperm and egg which fertilize and form a zygote then makes a new diatom and cycle repeats

20
Q

explain the alteration of generations life cycle (class phyaeophyceae/brown algae)

A

diploid sporophyte —> meosis in sporongium –> produces haploid spores —> mitosis to form male and female gametophyte —-> produce sperm and egg which fertilize and form a zygote then makes a new diploid sporophyte and cycle repeats
(purely sexual repro)

21
Q

which class has 2 phases of life?

A

class phyaeophyceae/brown algae

  1. multicellular diploid sporophyte
  2. multicellular haploid gametophyte
22
Q

Alveolata

A

membrane enclosed sac under plasma membrane

  1. phylum dinoflagellata
  2. phylum apicomplexa
  3. phylum ciliophora
23
Q

Alveolata, phylum dinoflagellata

A

mixotrophs

cell plates made of cellulose (grooves with flagella)

parasites release dinotoxins that infect fish

can appear red in water

ex. zooxanthellae on corals (mutualist with coral that help photosynthesize and give coral color)

24
Q

Alveolata, phylum apicomplexa

A

blood parasite

live in host cell

ex. one causes malaria: infects liver and blood cells

release pheromones which attract mosquitos and manipulate mind to drink longer

25
Q

Alveolata, phylum ciliophora

A

have cilia for movement and feeding

have macronucleus and multiple micronuclei (for conjugation)

ex. vorticella, paramecium

26
Q

rhizaria

A

hair like pseudopodia (fake feet for feeding)

can stretch cell membrane to move

planktonic or amoeboid

  1. phylum radiolaria
  2. phylum foraminifera
27
Q

rhizaria, phylum radiolaria

A

silica shells

holes in shell where hairs stick out

28
Q

rhizaria, phylum foraminifera

A

calcium carbonate shells

multicompartment shells

29
Q

supergroup archaeplastida

A

photosynthetic

  1. phylum rhodophyta
  2. phylum chlorophyta
  3. phylum charophytes
30
Q

supergroup archaeplastida, phylum rhodophyta

A

red algae, appear RED

found in deep sea water because red is good at absorbing blue light (red light waves cannot travel very far)
- adapted this to avoid competition

31
Q

supergroup archaeplastida, phylum chlorophyta

A

green algae

colonial

multinucleate bc it is easier to transfer nutrients through body

ex. volvox

32
Q

supergroup archaeplastida, phylum charophytes

A

closest to land plants

green algae

have sporopollerin: waterproof structure that prevents dehydration (what allowed them to move out of water)

ex. desmid, spirogyra

33
Q

multinucleate

A

reproduce but stay in same membrane so it becomes one cell with many nucleus

34
Q

supergroup unikonta

A

made of ameobas

35
Q

phylum amoebozoa

A

slime molds

tube/lobe shaped pseufopodia

can move

  1. plasmodial slime mold
  2. cellular slime mold
  3. tubulinds
36
Q

plasmodial slime mold

A

multinucleate

diploid dominant

37
Q

explain the reproduction cycle of plasmodial slime mold

A

solitary amoeba –> multinucleate division into feeding plasma –> feeding plasma branches to reach for food and whole body will shift towards branch with food —> stress triggers sexual repro which makes fruiting bodies —> fruiting bodies go through meiosis to make spores that are male and female which fertilize to make more amoebas

38
Q

cellular slime mold

A

unicellular

haploid dominant

39
Q

describe the cellular slime mold reproductive cycle

A
  1. 2 solitary amoebas —> fertilize to form a zygote which does meiosis to form more solitary amoebas
  2. a solitary amoeba —> feeding then gets stressed which triggers an SOS and other aggregate amoebas swarm over to the solitary amoeba —> combine into one temporary sluglike amoeba —> form fruiting bodies which produce male and female spores which fertilize and form more solitary amoebas
40
Q

tubulinds

A

unicellular

BIO210B unit 1 (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions