Domain 5 : Ethics, legal principles,

Question 1

Autonomy

Answer 1

the ethical principle that emphasizes respect for the individual’s right to make their own decisions about their treatment, even i those decisions may not align with the healthcare provider’s recommendations.

Question 2

Non-Maleficence

Answer 2

The ethical principle that emphasizes the duty to do no harm and prevent harm to the patient.

Question 3

Beneficence

Answer 3

The ethical principle focuses on promoting the well-being of the patient and acting in their best interests. Also engage the patient in a collaborative decision making process regarding medications.

Question 4

Veracity

Answer 4

The ethical principle that involves truth-telling and honesty in communication with patients.

Question 6

What is the Tarasoff principle?

Answer 6

The principle that mandates that mental health professionals must warn potential victims and take reasonable actions to protect them when a patient poses a credible threat. Contacting law enforcement or the potential victim is essential. When dealing with a patient who expresses homicidal ideation and specific intentions to harm someone, PMHNPS are legally and ethically obligated to breach patient confidentiality and contact law enforcement or the potential victim to warn them about the threat.

Question 6

Justice

Answer 6

The ethical principle of justice emphasizes fairness and equity in resource allocation.

Question 7

What does PICOT stand for?

Answer 7

Problem/population/person
Intervention
Comparison
Outcome
Timeframe

It is an acronym used in evidence-based practice to structure research questions and guide the search for evidence.

Question 8

What are the levels of evidence according to the hierarchy of evidence-based practice?

Answer 8

Level I: represents the highest level of evidence. This includes well-designed randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with large sample sizes, rigorous peer review, and double-blind, placebo-controlled trials. This type of evidence provides the most reliable and robust support for clinical decisions.
Also known as MEta-analysis or systemic review of RCTs.

Level II
LEVEL III
LEVEL IV
LEVEL V

Question 9

What Level is high quality RCT?

Answer 9

Level 2: the study utilizes a randomized controlled trial (RCT) design with a large sample size. Well-defined inclusion criteria and blinding of both participants and assessors.

Question 10

What level is meta-analysis or systematic review of RCT’s?

Answer 10

Level 1: it includes well-designed randomized controlled trials (RCT) with a large sample size, rigorous peer review, and double-blind, placebo-controlled trials.

This type of evidence provides the most reliable and robust support for clinical decisions.

Question 11

What level is non-randomized controlled trial?

Answer 11

Level 3:

Question 12

What level is case series or case report?

Answer 12

Level IV (4):

Question 13

What represents the concept of “level of evidence” in research?

Answer 13

The quality and srength of the research design and methodology

it assess how well a study is conducted, the rigor of its design, the appropriateness of its methods, and the potential for bias. Higher levels of evidence indicates stronger and more reliable research.

Question 14

What is the initial step in utilizing evidence-based practice guidelines for a patient?

Answer 14

Conducting a literature search to identify relevant research articles.

Evidence-based practice involves integrating the best available evidence from research into clinical decision-making.

Question 15

What is the rationale behind following evidence based practice guidelines?

Answer 15

Evidence based guidelines provide a structured approach to care that is based on the best available research evidence.

Question 16

As part of their advocacy efforts, they are collaborating with local organizations to influence mental health policy change. What are the key components that the PMHNP should consider when engaging in health policy advocacy?

Answer 16

Identifying policy issues, conducting research, and developing evidence-based recommendations for policy changes.

these actions help inform and support advocacy efforts aimed at improving mental health services at a systemic level.

Question 17

To effectively engage in health policy discussions, the PMHNP needs to understand the key components of health policy. What is one representation of the essential components of health policy?

Answer 17

Formulating and implementing regulations to improve access to mental health services.

Health policy involves the development, implementation, and evaluation of rules and regulations to address healthcare needs, including access to mental health services.

Question 18

What is the most appropriate sequence of steps for the PMHNP to follow in the quality improvement process?

Answer 18

Identify the problem, develop and implement interventions, monitor outcomes, and gather data.

Question 19

What does PDSA stand for ?

Answer 19

Plan
Do
Study
Act

Question 20

What is the “Do” phase of the PDSA cycle?

Answer 20

where the change is tested on a smaller scale to assess its effectiveness and identify any necessary adjustments before full implementation.

Implement the plan on a small scale to test its effectiveness. this involves executing the plan and collecting data.

Question 21

what is the “plan” of the PDSA cycle?

Answer 21

Identify a goal or a problem and develop a plan to address it.This includes identifying the objectives, the steps needed to achieve them, and the metrics used to measure success.

Question 22

What is the “Study” of the PDSA cycle?

Answer 22

Analyze the results of the implementation. Compare the collected data against the expected outcomes to determine if the plan is working as intended.

Question 23

What is the “Act” of the PDSA cycle?

Answer 23

Based on the analysis, decide whether to adopt, adapt, or abandon the plan. If successful, the plan can be implemented on a larger scale. If not, adjustments are made, and the cycle begins again.

Question 24

In the context of quality improvement initiatives, which systematic process is commonly used for continuous improvement and involves a cycle of planning, executing, evaluating, and making adjustments to achieve better outcomes?

Answer 24

PDSA cycle (PLan-Do-Study-Act)

A widely recognized and systematic process used in quality improvement initiatives. it involves a continuous cycle of Plan: setting objectives, identifying potential changes or interventions, and planning how to carry them out. - Do: implementing the planned changes or interventions on a small scale. - Study: evaluating the results and outcomes of the changes, often through data collection and analysis. - Act: based on evaluating, making adjustments, refining the approach, and planning for the next cycle of improvement. This process continues iteratively until the desired outcomes are achieved.

Question 25

In the context of quality improvement in healthcare, which process involves a systematic cycle of planning, executing, studying the results, and implementing changes to achieve continuous improvement?

Answer 25

PDSA

Question 26

What is AN INITIAL STEP FOR A pmhnp TO TAKE WHEN implementing policy changes based on new evidence-based guidelines in a clinical setting?

Answer 26

Identifying potential barriers and facilitators to policy adoption

Question 27

To enhance the quality of care and ensure adherence to evidence-based guidelines in a psychiatric setting, the PMHNP should prioritize:

Answer 27

Creating a tool to evaluate patient progress and treatment efficacy.

This directly impacts the continuous improvement of quality care. By systematically monitoring clinical outcomes, the PMHNP can identify trends, make informed decisions about care, and adjust treatment plans as necessary to ensure the best patient outcomes.