Domain 3: Design High-Performing Architectures Flashcards
You are developing an application for a customer that will be hosted on AWS. They will access the application via their corporate headquarters using the internet. The network connection relies on a list of whitelisted IP addresses, so you will need a static IP address to access this application. However, the application requires many EC2 instances. What are the best ways to achieve this and still maintain a high level of performance? CHOOSE 2
Assign a static IP address to the internet gateway of the VPC.
Assign a single static IP address to the fleet of EC2 instances.
Assign a static IP address to a Network Load Balancer.
Configure an ALB as an endpoint for AWS Global Accelerator, and associate a static IP address.
Assign a single static IP address to the fleet of EC2 instances.
It is not possible to assign a single static IP address to a fleet of EC2 instances without using a load balancer.
Selected
Assign a static IP address to a Network Load Balancer.
You can assign static IP addresses to a Network Load Balancer.
Selected
Configure an ALB as an endpoint for AWS Global Accelerator, and associate a static IP address.
When you configure an Application Load Balancer as an endpoint for AWS Global Accelerator, the accelerator provides static IP addresses that you can associate with your Application Load Balancer.
You work for a VC company that uses EC2 on the frontend and an Aurora DB cluster using single-master replication on the backend. The VC company wants to understand what happens if the primary database in Aurora fails. Which of the following best describes how Aurora handles this failure?
Aurora will fail the primary database over automatically to DynamoDB.
Aurora promotes the existing Aurora Replica with the lowest priority to the primary instance.
Aurora automatically fails over by either promoting an existing Aurora Replica to the new primary instance or creating a new primary instance.
Aurora will attempt to create a new database in a different Availability Zone than where the primary database has failed.
Aurora promotes the existing Aurora Replica with the lowest priority to the primary instance.
This is not what happens. You can customize the order in which your Aurora Replicas are promoted to the primary instance after a failure by assigning each replica a priority. Priorities range from 0 for the first priority to 15 for the last priority. If the primary instance fails, Amazon RDS promotes the Aurora Replica with the better priority to the new primary instance.
Reference: High availability for Amazon Aurora
Selected
Aurora automatically fails over by either promoting an existing Aurora Replica to the new primary instance or creating a new primary instance.
If the primary instance in a DB cluster using single-master replication fails, Aurora fails over to a new primary instance, either by promoting an existing Aurora Replica to the new primary instance or by creating a new primary instance.
You work for a large PR and advertising company in New York City. They have an internal file server that mounts its storage using an Internet Small Computer System Interface (iSCSI) compliant storage device. The file server’s iSCSI attached storage device is beginning to run out of storage. They are considering replacing the file server’s iSCSI attached storage device with a cloud-based solution that will continue to support iSCSI. What solution should you recommend?
Volume Gateway
AWS Storage Gateway
S3
File Gateway
Volume Gateway
Volume Gateway is able to interface with iSCSI and would be a good choice.
File Gateway
You need something on-site to interface with iSCSI, so this would not be correct.
Selected
You work for an online photography startup that allows users to sell their photos to customers around the world. The files are being stored in an on-premises server that is fast running out of space. You need a durable place to store your pictures while being able to simultaneously deliver content globally and in an efficient manner. What AWS services can help you achieve this?
S3 and CloudFormation
S3 and CloudWatch
EC2 and API Gateway
S3 and CloudFront
S3 and CloudFront
This would be the most efficient manner, given the scenario.
You have a betting website that is hosted on AWS. The NBA finals are coming up, and your traffic usually increases three to four times its normal load. The majority of the traffic is read traffic. The website is hosted on EC2 and RDS with Multi-AZ deployments. You need to ensure the website will be able to handle the load. What solution below would best achieve this?
Add an Application Load Balancer to the environment.
Create two or three read replicas of the RDS database and update the site to send the read traffic to these read replicas.
Update your internet gateway on your VPC to have AWS Traffic Accelerator turned on.
Add additional EBS volumes to the EC2 instance.
Create two or three read replicas of the RDS database and update the site to send the read traffic to these read replicas.
This will help decrease the load on your production database, and the website will be able to take more load.
You work for an insurance company that specializes in insuring pensioners. As part of their IT overhaul, they are looking to move to the AWS Cloud and want to automate a lot of their business processes to drive efficiencies. Because a lot of their customers are elderly, most insurance application forms are filled out by hand. These can be scanned as images; however, you then need to find a way to convert these images into text for further processing. Which AWS service would you recommend to achieve this?
Amazon Kendra
Amazon Polly
Amazon Comprehend
Amazon Textract
Amazon Textract
Amazon Textract uses machine learning to automatically extract text, handwriting, and data from scanned documents.
You work for an advertising agency that has an on-premises file server with large images. You are running low on storage and need to extend your storage to the AWS Cloud. What would be the best approach?
Create an EC2 instance in AWS.
Create a SWF queue.
Create a DynamoDB instance and store the files in that.
Use Amazon Storage Gateway to extend the storage to the cloud.
Use Amazon Storage Gateway to extend the storage to the cloud.
This is the best answer given this scenario.
You run a cryptocurrency application that allows you to trade cryptocurrency with hard currency. This application runs concurrently with another application where the prices of the currency are time indexed, and these indexes are saved to Amazon Redshift for later data analysis. Both applications consume this data from the same Amazon Kinesis Data Stream. You notice, however, that for both applications, there are lots of examples where a shard iterator expires unexpectedly. When you try and troubleshoot this, you notice that the DynamoDB table used by Kinesis does not have enough write capacity to store the incoming data. What should you do?
Increase the storage capacity of the DynamoDB table.
Increase the ingress capacity of the Kinesis shard.
Enable DynamoDB DAX.
Increase the write capacity assigned to the DynamoDB table.
increase the write capacity assigned to the DynamoDB table.
This would be the ideal solution.
A small social media company has begun to develop an application. They want to run entirely within the AWS cloud. The initial architecture is fairly straightforward and seems like it should only include a handful of compute instances and a MySQL relational database.
Their initial concern is that they do not know the usage patterns for the application itself, especially with the application’s calls to the database. They would like to implement a development database for initial testing that is flexible and cost-effective as it does not need to be available at all times throughout the day.
Which AWS service should they use?
Amazon Aurora with MySQL
Amazon RDS with MySQL Reserved Instances
Amazon Aurora Serverless with MySQL
Amazon RDS with MySQL with AWS Savings Plans
Amazon Aurora Serverless with MySQL
Variable workloads are a perfect use case for the Amazon Aurora Serverless offering. You can set up scaling as needed to handle influxes of traffic, including scaling down to zero ACUs when it is not used.
Reference: Amazon Aurora
You have a dynamic e-commerce website hosted on an EC2 instance that (as traffic increases) becomes slower and slower. What scenario below would help increase the speed of the website?
Migrate the website to S3 and turn on S3 dynamic content.
Replace the EC2 instance with a single Lambda function.
Turn on CloudWatch website acceleration to reduce the load on your EC2 instance.
Change the EBS volume from gp2 to Provisioned IOPS.
Change the EBS volume from gp2 to Provisioned IOPS.
By using Provisioned IOPS, you will increase the speed of the disk and hence the site.
You work for a market sentiment company that monitors social media platforms, such as Twitter and Facebook, for the general public’s sentiment based on particular keywords. You need to store this data in a document store where the database schema can be extremely flexible and change on the basis of individual records. Which AWS database service best suits this requirement?
DynamoDB
Neptune
RDS
Aurora
DynamoDB
Because the schema needs to change on individual records, you require a NoSQL database and DynamoDB is a NoSQL database.
You work for a company that uses EC2 with instance store for storage. If you terminate the EC2 instance, what happens to the data on the root device volume?
Data is automatically deleted.
Data is backed to RDS.
Data is archived to Glacier.
Data is automatically saved to S3.
Data is automatically deleted.
Your data is automatically deleted by default if you terminate the EC2 instance.
You work for a used car sales business that is moving their application to AWS. You have been asked to design the architecture so that it is serverless and high performing. The application will be refactored to suit your architecture choice. Which of the following architectures would give good serverless performance?
API Gateway > Lambda > DynamoDB with DAX
Application Load Balancer > Auto Scaling > EC2 Instances > RDS.
API Gateway > Lambda > RDS with RAX
Application Load Balancer > Auto Scaling > EC2 Instances > DynamoDB
API Gateway > Lambda > DynamoDB with DAX
This will give you the best serverless performance.
You work for a media company that processes large volumes of images. The processing is done by some high performance compute instances in EC2 in a custom VPC that you architected. The files are processed and then stored in S3; however, you notice this is taking longer than you anticipated. You investigate and discover that the EC2 instances are uploading the files via the public internet to S3. You need to design a solution that bypasses the public internet. What solution should you implement?
Create a VPC endpoint, and update your route table giving you a direct connection to S3.
Create a Direct Connect connection between your VPC and S3. Upload the files using that connection.
Deploy a File Gateway in to the VPC, and update the route table to upload the files directly to S3.
Add an additional internet gateway to the VPC, and update your route table to connect to this gateway.
Create a VPC endpoint, and update your route table giving you a direct connection to S3.
This would be the best solution.
You are working with a renowned government organization responsible for one of the best gardens in the nation. The organization is demonstrating a new type of greenhouse: a smart greenhouse. The greenhouse has hundreds of sensors to monitor things like humidity, temperature, sunlight conditions, etc. They need to collate all this information in the cloud so the application makes smart decisions, such as when to water individual plants, open a window in the greenhouse to lower the temperature, etc. What AWS service would be best to collate these hundreds of sensors?
AWS IoT Core
Neptune
Application Load Balancer
CloudFormation
AWS IoT Core
This is the best answer in this scenario.
