Domain 3: Design High-Performing Architectures Flashcards
You run an online platform that specializes in five different dream vacations. The platform allows customers to submit queries about their five different experiences. You need to ensure that all queries are answered within 24 hours, either by a person or by a bot. You decide to create five separate SQS queues for each experience request. You need to automatically publish messages to their respective SQS queues as soon as customers submit their queries. Which architecture would be best suited to achieve this?
Create 10 SNS topics and configure the five SQS queues to subscribe to two topics each. Publish the messages to the dedicated queue depending on the experience request.
Create one SNS topic and configure the five SQS queues to subscribe to that topic. Configure the filter policies in the SNS subscription to publish the response to the designated SQS queue based on the experience request type.
Create five SNS topics and configure the five SQS queues to subscribe to those five topics. Publish the messages to the dedicated queue depending on the experience request.
Use AWS Lex and AWS Polly to respond automatically to the SQS queues.
Create one SNS topic and configure the five SQS queues to subscribe to that topic. Configure the filter policies in the SNS subscription to publish the response to the designated SQS queue based on the experience request type.
This is the best architecture as you only have one SNS topic, so it is easy to manage.
Create five SNS topics and configure the five SQS queues to subscribe to those five topics. Publish the messages to the dedicated queue depending on the experience request.
It would be better to have one SNS topic for ease of management.
Selected
You have a large number of files in S3 and you have been asked to build an index of these files. In order to do this, you need to read the the first 250 bytes of each object in S3. This data contains some metadata about the content of the file itself. Unfortunately, there are over 10,000,000 files in your S3 bucket, and this is about 100 TB of data. The data will then need to be stored in an Aurora Database. How can you build this index in the fastest way possible?
Use the index bucket function in AWS Macie to query the S3 bucket and then load this data in to the Aurora Database.
Create a program to use a byte range fetch for the first 250 Bytes of data and then store this in the Aurora Database.
Use AWS Athena to query the S3 bucket for the first 250 bytes of data. Take the result of the query and build an Aurora Database.
Create a program to use Macie to select the first 250 Bytes of data and then store this in Aurora Database.
Create a program to use a byte range fetch for the first 250 Bytes of data and then store this in the Aurora Database.
This would be the fastest and easiest way to achieve your aims.
Use AWS Athena to query the S3 bucket for the first 250 bytes of data. Take the result of the query and build an Aurora Database.
This is a SQL query service and can’t be limited by byte size.
Selected
A data analytics company is running their software in the AWS cloud. The current workflow process leverages Amazon EC2 instances, which process different datasets, normalizes them, and then outputs them to Amazon S3. The datasets average around 100 GB in size.
The company CTO has asked that the application team start looking into leveraging Amazon EMR to generate reports and enable further analysis of the datasets, and then store the newly generated data in a separate Amazon S3 bucket.
Which AWS service could be used to make this process efficient, more cost-effective, and automated?
Amazon EMR Spot Capacity
AWS Data Pipeline
Amazon EventBridge
AWS Lambda
Amazon EMR Spot Capacity
This would help with costs of the EMR clusters; however, it does not manage the ETL process by itself.
Selected
AWS Data Pipeline
This managed service lets you implement data-driven workflows to automatically move data between the listed resources within AWS. It executes and provides methods of tracking data ETL processes.
Reference: What Is Data Pipeline?
You are migrating your automotive company’s customer-facing systems to AWS. One of the backend systems requires a database that is scalable globally and that can handle frequent updates to the database schema. You need to ensure there is no downtime or performance issues every time there is a schema change. You always require low-latency responses to high-traffic queries. What database would best suit this requirement?
RDS SQL Server with read replicas
DynamoDB
Redshift
Amazon Aurora Database with read replicas enabled
DynamoDB
DynamoDB is a NoSQL database that allows constant updates to schemas without any downtime or performance issues.
Amazon Aurora Database with read replicas enabled
This is a relational database, which would not allow constant updates to schemas.
Selected
You run a financial services company that stores a large amount of data in S3. You need to query this data using SQL in the fastest and lowest-cost way possible, preferably serverless. What AWS service would you use to do this?
Macie
Redshift.
Athena
S3 Query Service
Athena
Athena is a fast, low cost solution to run SQL queries on S3.
You start work for a government agency that is creating a new intranet for internal employees. The department has a sprawl of information across multiple AWS accounts and services, and you need to find a way to make this information searchable. Which AWS service should you consider using?
Amazon Kendra
Amazon Polly
Amazon Comprehend
Amazon Textract
Amazon Kendra
Amazon Kendra allows you to create an intelligent search service powered by machine learning.
You are a solutions architect at an insurance company. Someone on a previous shift has deployed an EC2 instance using a bootstrap script. However, the EC2 instance does not have the required software installed on it. You do not have access to the bootstrap script that they used. However, you do have admin access to the EC2 instance that was provisioned. How can you review the bootstrap script used to deploy the EC2 instance?
Run the command curl http://169.254.169.254/latest/user-data/.
Run the command curl http://254.169.254.169/latest/meta-data/.
Run the command curl http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/.
Run the command curl http://254.169.254.169/latest/user-data/.
Run the command curl http://169.254.169.254/latest/user-data/.
This will show you the bootstrap script. The IP address 169.254.169.254 is a “link-local address” that is only valid locally from an instance. 169.254.169.254 can be queried for instance specific-information. Instance metadata is divided into various categories. To view all categories of instance metadata from within a running instance, use http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data/.
What EBS Volume type gives you the highest performance in terms of IOPS?
EBS General Purpose SSD (gp3)
EBS Provisioned IOPS SSD (io2 Block Express)
EBS Provisioned IOPS SSD (io2)
EBS Provisioned IOPS SSD (io1)
EBS Provisioned IOPS SSD (io2 Block Express)
EBS Provisioned IOPS SSD (io2 Block Express) is the highest-performance SSD volume designed for business-critical latency-sensitive transactional workloads.
You are working for a startup that is designing a mobile gaming platform. It is being launched by a very famous celebrity, and the frontend servers will experience a lot of heavy traffic during the initial launch. You need to store the users’ login and gaming details in memory, and you need caching capability that is compatible with Redis API. Which service should you use?
Amazon Elasticache
Amazon DynamoDB
Amazon RDS
Elasticsearch
Amazon Elasticache
Amazon Elasticache is a caching service that stores in memory and is compatible with Redis API.
You have started a network design for a large pharmaceutical company to migrate their on-premises environment to AWS. The network will be highly complex with over 1,000 VPCs (all of which will need to communicate to each other) as well as having transitive peering between some on-premises data centers while all supporting IP Multicast. What VPC Network Solution should you recommend?
Transit Gateway
AWS Private Link
Direct Connect
VPN CloudHub
Transit Gateway
AWS Transit Gateway connects your Amazon Virtual Private Clouds (VPCs) and on-premises networks through a central hub. This simplifies your network and puts an end to complex peering relationships. It acts as a cloud router; each new connection is only made once.
Your company has a local content management system (CMS) using Microsoft Sharepoint that is hosted on-premises. Due to a recent acquisition of another company, you expect traffic to the CMS to more than double in the coming week, so you have decided to migrate the SharePoint server to AWS. You need high performance using Windows shared file storage. You also need a high-performing cloud storage solution that is highly available and that can be integrated with Active Directory. What would be the best storage option?
Create a file system using Amazon NFS and connect this file system to an Active Directory Domain Controller hosted in AWS.
Create a file system using Amazon EFS and connect this file system to an Active Directory Domain Controller hosted in AWS.
Create an EC2 Instance and mount an S3 bucket as the shared file repository. Connect the bucket to an Active Directory Domain Controller hosted in AWS.
Make an Amazon FSx for Windows File System and join this to an Active Directory Domain Controller hosted in AWS.
Make an Amazon FSx for Windows File System and join this to an Active Directory Domain Controller hosted in AWS.
Amazon FSx for Windows File System is a high-performing cloud storage solution that is highly available and can be integrated with Active Directory
A developer is working for a medium-sized biotech company. The developer has been tasked with building an application with stateless web servers and needs fast access to session data. Which AWS service would accomplish this?
Elasticache
Route53
EKS
Glacier
Elasticache
Elasticache is the best service suitable for storing session state data.
You work for a government agency who are migrating their production environment to AWS from on-premises. They want you to create a serverless solution that is high-performing and scales effortlessly. They have a web frontend, a MongoDB No-SQL backend, and large amounts of static files such as pictures and images. What would be the ideal serverless solution from the choices below?
Application Load Balancer > EC2 > Aurora > S3
ElasticBeanstalk > Application Load Balancer > EC2 > DynamoDB > S3
API Gateway > Lambda > DynamoDB > S3
API Gateway > Lambda > DynamoDB > EBS
API Gateway > Lambda > DynamoDB > S3
This is a serverless solution and uses a NoSQL database.
As a car manufacturing enterprise, you’re using Amazon RDS to store data from a web-based application. The application typically experiences low RDS usage. However, sporadic bursts of high, read-heavy traffic to RDS will occur in response to the launch of new marketing campaigns. Additionally, you’re tasked with developing an API that allows third-party database queries. Given these conditions, which architecture would be most optimal?
Create an API using Amazon API Gateway. Use CloudFront to handle the scaling of read traffic.
Create an API using Amazon API Gateway. Configure a read replica to handle the additional traffic.
Create an API using Amazon API Gateway. Use Auto Scaling with EC2 to increase the load on your database.
Create an API using Amazon API Gateway. Configure S3 to handle the traffic.
Create an API using Amazon API Gateway. Configure a read replica to handle the additional traffic.
By sending traffic to the read replica, you can reduce the load on your production database and scale performance.
A small financial company is running workloads on AWS using multiple Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling groups and Amazon RDS. The Auto Scaling groups are used to execute a manually driven ETL process on large datasets within Amazon RDS.
The next application feature they want to introduce is the ability to store the output within Amazon S3, and then ingest that stored data into an Amazon Redshift table. They would like to leverage a managed service for executing and tracking the ETL process instead of manually doing so.
Which solution would be the best for their requirements?
AWS Lambda
Amazon MQ
AWS Data Pipeline
Amazon EventBridge
AWS Data Pipeline
This managed service lets you implement data-driven workflows to automatically move data between the listed resources within AWS. It executes and provides methods of tracking data ETL processes.
Reference: What Is Data Pipeline? Reference: Data Pipeline Related Services
