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ISC2 Cyber Security > Domain 1 - Security Principles > Flashcards

Domain 1 - Security Principles Flashcards

1
Q

What is Information Security?

A

Secures everything.. Paper, documents voice, etc…

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2
Q

What is IT security?

A

All hardware software, being processed, stored and communicated.

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3
Q

What is Cyber Security?

A

Is everything from IT security that is accessible from the internet

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4
Q

What does the CIA triad stand for?

A

Confidentiality, Availability, and Integrity

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5
Q

What is confidentiality mean?

A

That there is no unauthorized access to the data.

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6
Q

What are the three states of data?

A

Data:

At rest
In motion
In use

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7
Q

What does Integrity mean?

A

We ensure the data has not been altered.

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8
Q

What does availability mean?

A

Ensuring authorized people can access the data they need.

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9
Q

What does DAD stand for?

A

Disclosure, Alteration, and Destruction . It is the opposite of the CIA triad.

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10
Q

What does the IAAA acronym stand for?

A

Identification
Authentication
Authorization
Accountability

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11
Q

What is an Identification?

A

Something that identifies you. Username, SSN, employee number.

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12
Q

What is an example of Type 1 Authentication? Also known as knowledge factors.

A

Something you know
Your pin number for the ATM
your password or passphrase

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13
Q

What is an example of Type 2 Authentication? Also known as possession factors.

A

ID
passport
token
smart code
MFA device

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14
Q

What is an example of Type 3 Authentication? Also known as realistic or biometric factors.

A

It is something you are
Iris scan
facial geometry
fingerprint

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15
Q

What are physiological characteristics?

A

Uses the shape of the body for type 3 authentication.

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16
Q

What are behavioral characteristics?

A

Uses the pattern of behavior of the person for type 3 athentication.

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17
Q

What is Authorization?

A

It is he process of assigning access to systems after a user has authenticated

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18
Q

What is DAC (Discretionary Access Control)?

A

It’s when access to an object is assigned at the discretion of the object owner.

Commonly used when availability is most important.

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19
Q

What is MAC (Mandatory Access Control?

A

Labels are assigned to objects and subjects (users) have clearance assigned to them to be able to see the objects.

commonly used when confidentiality is the most important

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20
Q

What is RBAC?

A

Role based access control. Access is based on a role.

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21
Q

What is ABAC (Attribute Based Access Control)?

A

Access to objects is based on subjects, objects, and environmental conditions.

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22
Q

What is context-based access control?

A

Access is provided to an object and is based on contextual parameters such as location, time, access history, etc..

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23
Q

What is content based access control?

A

Access is provided on the attributes or content of an object. Think different data on the same website depending on who you are.

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24
Q

What is accountability?

A

Tracing an action to a subject’s identity.

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25
Q

What are subjects?

A

Users or applications

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26
Q

What are objects?

A

Any data

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27
Q

What is the formula for risk?

A

Threat * Vulnerability * Impact

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28
Q

What is the formula for total risk?

A

Threat * vulnerability * asset value

29
Q

What is the formula for residual risk?

A

total risk - countermeasures

30
Q

What is the high-level process for risk maagement?

A

Identify Risk
Assess Risk
Respond to Risk
Risk monitoring

31
Q

What is a qualitative risk analysis?

A

It is subjective. How likely something is to happen and how bad is it if it does happen. Happens first.

32
Q

What is quantitative risk analysis?

A

What will it actually cost us in dollars.

33
Q

What is due diligence?

A

Doing research before implementation

34
Q

What is due care?

A

It is the implementation itself

35
Q

What is the first step of the risk assessment processs?

A

Ensuring you have an inventory of your assets.

36
Q

What are the risk strategies?

A

Risk mitigation
Risk transference (share.. Like insurance)
Risk acceptance
Risk avoidance (not pursuing whatever is causing the risk)

37
Q

What is the asset value in quantitative risk analysis?

A

The value of the asset in dollars

38
Q

What is the exposure factor in quantitative risk analysis?

A

How much of the asset is lost in an incident

39
Q

What is single loss expectancy in quantitative risk analysis?

A

How much a single incident will cost us

40
Q

What is the annual rate of occurrence in quantitative risk analysis?

A

How many times a specific incident happens in a year.

41
Q

What is the annualized loss expectancy in quantitative risk analysis?

A

How much will this cost if we don’t mitigate the risk.

42
Q

What is leftover risk called?

A

Residual Risk

43
Q

What is a KGI?

A

Key goal indicator. Measured after the project is done.

44
Q

What is KPI?

A

Key Performance indicator. Measured on one single task.

45
Q

What are KRIs?

A

Metrics that demonstrate the risk an organization is facing.

46
Q

Who sets Risk appetite?

A

Senior Management

47
Q

What is a secondary risk?

A

A risk that may open another risk

48
Q

Where are risks tracked?

A

The risk register

49
Q

Single use passwords are what authentication type?

A

Type 2. Something you have.

50
Q

What are the access control categories?

A

Administrative (Directive) controls

Technical (logical) controls - Hardware, Software, Firmware

Physical controls

51
Q

What are Administrative (Directive) control examples?

A

Policies, procedures, and laws we need to adhere to.

52
Q

What are Technical (logical) control examples?

A

Hardware, software, firmware, smart cards, etc..

53
Q

What are Physical access control examples?

A

Locks, doors, fences, dogs, man traps, alarms, cameras.

54
Q

What are preventative controls?

A

They prevent actions from happening.

Least privileged access
IPS
Drug Tests

55
Q

What are detective controls?

A

They detect during or after an attack

IDS
Alarms
Logs
Camera

56
Q

What are corrective controls?

A

Controls that correct an attack

AV
Patches

57
Q

What are recovery controls?

A

controls to help us recover after an attack.

Disaster recovery plans
Backups
HA environments

58
Q

What are deterrent access controls?

A

controls that deter and attack, but don’t stop anything.

Guard
Dog
Camera

59
Q

What is a compensating control?

A

Controls that compensate.

A guard stationed around a break in the fence.

60
Q

What are the four code of ethics cannons?

A

Protect society and the common good

Act honorably, honestly, justly,legally

Provide diligent and competent service

Advance and protect the profession

61
Q

Who sets governance?

A

Senior Leadership

62
Q

What kind of law is HIPAA?

A

Administrative Law

63
Q

What is an example of private regulations?

64
Q

Are security breach notification laws federal?

A

No, all 50 states have individual laws.

65
Q

What is the electronic communications privacy act?

A

Protection against warrantless wiretapping. weakened by the Patriot Act.

66
Q

Who does GDPR protect?

A

The EU and EEA citizens

67
Q

Who handles the tactical planning?

A

Management

68
Q

hat can be used to help build policies?

A

Our strategy

ISC2 Cyber Security (7 decks)

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