DOMAIN 1: MATHEMATICS AND CALCULATIONS Flashcards
Dimension
A property that can be measured. (IE: Mass, Length, Time, etc…) or that can be calculated by multiplying or dividing other dimensions, such as distance/time = Velocity or Distance/second² = Acceleration
A measured or counted quantity has both a …
Numerical Value and a Unit
The numerical value of two quantities can be ADDED or SUBTRACTED only …
if the units are the same. 1 pound + 3 pounds = 4 pounds
Force x Distance =
Torque
Example: 3ft. 2lb. (force) = 6ft. lb. (torque)
Length ÷ Time =
Velocity
Example: 5cm/5sec. = 1 cm/sec. (velocity)
Order of Operations
From Left to Right:
- Remove parentheses
- Calculate exponents
- Perform multiplications or divisions
- Perform additions or subtractions
Density is…
The mass of a substance contained in one unit of its volume.
Specific Gravity (s.g.) is…
The ratio of the mass of the liquid or solid to the mass of an equal volume of water.
Diameter
Any straight line segment that passes through the center of a circle from one side to the other.
Circumference
The distance around a circle.
Radius
The distance to the center of a circle.
What is the density of water
62.4 Lbs per cubic feet
s.g. > 1 =
heavier (more dense) than water
s.g. < 1 =
Lighter (less dense) than water
Rankine scale
A thermodynamic temperature scale based on an absolute scale (ie: a scale that begins at Absolute Zero)
Rankine converts to Fahrenheit
Absolute Zero
Is the lower limit of the thermodynamic temperature scale, a state at which the enthalpy and entropy of a cooled ideal gas reaches its minimum value, taken as 0.
Kelvin scale
Is an absolute thermodynamic temperature scale using as its null point absolute zero, the temperature at which all thermal motion ceases in the classical description of thermodynamics.
Kelvin converts to Celsius
K = °C + 273.15
℃ to °F conversion
°C Multiply by 9, then divide by 5, then add 32
°F to °C conversion
°F Deduct 32, then multiply by 5, then divide by 9
°R from °F
°R = °F + 460
K from °C
K = °C + 273.15
Atomic Structure
Nucleus = equal number of + Protons and Neutral Neutrons
- Electrons orbit the nucleus
Isotopes
Atoms of the same matter that have the same atomic number but different atomic mass (IE: the number of protons are equal but the number of neutrons are different)
Atomic Number
The number of protons in a Nucleus
Atomic Mass
The number of protons and neutrons in a
Molecular Weight
The sum of atomic weight of different atoms making a compound.
(IE: H2O = H is 1 and O is 16
1X1 + 16 = 18)
