Domain 1- Basic & Applied Sciences and Nutritional Concepts Flashcards
Which macronutrient has an acceptable distribution range in the 45 - 65% total caloric intake?
Carbohydrates
Holding a static stretch for at least 30 seconds causes which neuromuscular phenomena?
Autogenic inhibition
What is a basic nutritional recommendation for clients who want to gain lean body mass?
Eat 4 to 6 meals per day.
What term refers to a system of glands that secrete hormones into the bloodstream to regulate a variety of bodily functions and consists of host organs, chemical messengers, and target cells?
Endocrine system
The gastrocnemius is responsible for concentrically accelerating which of the following?
Select one:
a. Knee adduction
b. Knee abduction
c. Ankle dorsiflexion
d. Ankle plantarflexion
Ankle plantarflexion
What is the highest average daily nutrient intake level likely to pose no risk of adverse health affects to almost all individuals in a particular life stage and gender group?
Tolerable Upper Intake Level
What refers to a position relatively closer to the midline of the body?
Medial
During the concentric action of the gluteus maximus what movement is occurring at the joint?
Hip extension and external rotation
What is the purpose of stretch-shortening cycles?
To produce the necessary force to change the direction of an object’s center of mass efficiently
Which term refers to an imaginary bisector that divides the body into front and back halves?
Frontal plane
What is the body’s motor response to internal and external environmental stimuli called?
Motor behavior
A client has been training in Phase 2 for 4 months. She is now experienceing joint pain and emotional fatigue. What stage of the general adaptation syndrome is she most likely in?
Exhaustion
Describe Type I or slow twitch muscle fibers.
They contain more capillaries, mitochondria, and myoglobin than type II muscle fibers.
What is the term for a force that produces rotation?
Torque
Which of the following refers to a movement in the frontal plane away from the midline of the body?
Select one:
a. Rotation
b. Dorsiflexion Incorrect
c. Abduction
d. Opposition
Abduction
Which of the following is true of eccentric motion?
Select one:
a. It is known as “a negative” in the health and fitness industry.
b. The agonist muscle is shortening.
c. The antagonist muscle lengthens.
d. It is known as “a positive” in the health and fitness industry.
It is known as “a negative” in the health and fitness industry.
Pronation of the forearm involves the inward movement of the forearm in which of the following planes?
Transverse
What is the term referring to the synergistic action of muscle groups to produce movement around a joint?
Force-couple relationship
Where is the sternum in relation to the shoulder?
Medial
For which activity is the oxidative system primarily used?
Jogging for 30 minutes
Which gland produces the hormones (epinephrine and norepinephrine) that help prepare the body for activity and for the fight or flight response?
Adrenal
Front lunges and biceps curls occur in which plane of motion?
Sagittal
Which term refers to the cumulative sensory input to the central nervous system from all mechanoreceptors that sense body position and limb movement?
Proprioception
According to sliding filament theory, when does muscular contracting occur?
Actin and myosin filiments slide past each other, shortening the entire sarcomere.
Within what range is the typical resting heart rate of a human being?
70 and 80 bpm
Performing the drawing-in maneuver or bracing can do what?
Help retrain motor control of local and global stabilization systems
What are predictable patterns of muscle imbalanced called?
Postural distortion patterns
If a client exhibits increased force output of his hamstrings and adductor magnus to compensate for a weakened gluteus maximus during hip extension, this is an example of which of the following?
Select one:
a. Reciprocal inhibition
b. Synergistic dominance
c. Arthrokinetic dysfunction
d. Pattern overload
Synergistic dominance
Which of the following refers to a straightening movement in which the relative angle between two adjacent segments increases?
Extension
Which of the following refers to a position on or toward the front of the body?
Anterior
What term refers to a bending movement in which the relative angle between two adjacent segments decreases?
Flexion
Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of symptoms characterized by what conditions?
Obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension, dyslipidemia
What muscle is responsible for concentrically accelerating hip extension and external rotation?
Gluteus maximus
What kind of muscle action is raising a dumbbell up against the direction of resistance?
Concentric action
In which structures are water and chemicals exchanged between the blood and tissues?
Capillaries
What is the recommended daily intake for carbohydrates?
6-10 g/kg body weight
What usually happens after 90 minutes of exercise?
The majority of muscle glycogen stores are depleted.
