Domain 1: Basic And Applied Sciences And Nutritional Concepts

Question 1

Communication network within the body

Answer 1

Nervous system

Question 2

Brain and spinal cord; controls anf interpret information

Answer 2

Central Nervous System (CNS)

Question 3

Nerves connecting the CNS to the rest of the body and thr environment

Answer 3

Peripheral nervous system

Question 4

Peripheral nervous system subdivisions

Answer 4

Somatic and autonomic

Question 5

Outer areas body and skeletal muscle; voluntary

Answer 5

Somatic

Question 6

involuntary system (ex. heart, digestion)

Answer 6

Autonomic

Question 7

Autonomic subdivisions

Answer 7

Parasympathetic and Sympathetic

Question 8

function unit of the nervous sytem

Answer 8

Neuron

Question 9

transmits nerve impulses from CNS to effector sites

Answer 9

Motor (efferent) neurons

Question 10

respond to stimuli; transmit nerve impulses from effector sites to CNS

Answer 10

Sensory (afferent) neurons

Question 11

sense distortion in body tissues

Answer 11

Mechanoreceptors

Question 12

respond to pressure, acceleration, and deceleration of joints

Answer 12

Joint Receptor

Question 13

sense changes in muscular tension

Answer 13

Golgi tendon organs (GTO)

Question 14

sense changes in muscles

Answer 14

Muscle spindles

Question 15

connect muscle to bone; provide anchor for muscles to produce force

Answer 15

tendons

Question 16

outer layer of connective tissue surrounding a muscle

Answer 16

fascia

Question 17

bundle of individual muscle fibers

Answer 17

fascicles

Question 18

cellular components and myofibrils encased in a plasma membrane

Answer 18

muscle fiber

Question 19

produces muscular contraction; reporting sections of actin and myosin

Answer 19

sarcomere

Question 20

thick and thin filaments slide past one another, shortening the entire sarcomere

Answer 20

sliding filament theory

Question 21

smaller size; slower to produce tension; fatigue slowly

Answer 21

Type 1 (slow twitch) muscle tissue

Question 22

larger size; quick to produce tension; fatigue quickly

Answer 22

Type II ( fast twitch) muscle tissue

Question 23

on motor neuron and the muscle fibers it connects with

Answer 23

Motor unit

Question 24

contraction of a muscle generated by neural stimulation

Answer 24

neural activition

Question 25

chemical messengers that transport impulses from nerve to muscle

Answer 25

neurotransmitters

Question 26

attach directly to vertebrae; consist of: transverse abdominis, internal oblique, multifidus, pelvic floor, diaphragm

Answer 26

Local Stabilization System

Question 27

attach from pelvis to spine. Consists of: quadratus lumborum, psoas major, external obliques, rectus abdominus, gluteus medius, adductor complex

Answer 27

Global stabilization System

Question 28

attach spine and/or pelvis to extremities. Consists of: latissimus dorsi, hip flexors, hamstring complex, quadriceps

Answer 28

Movement system

Question 29

skull, rib cage, and vertebral column

Answer 29

axial skeleton

Question 30

upper and lower extremities, shoulder and pelvic gridles

Answer 30

Appendicular skeleton

Question 31

supports, protects, allows bodily movement

Answer 31

Skeletal system funcations

Question 32

flattened or indented portions of a bone; can be muscle attachment sites.

Answer 32

Depressions

Question 33

projection protruding from a bone; muscles, tendons, and ligaments can attach

Answer 33

Process

Question 34

connects bone to bone; little blood supply; slow to heal

Answer 34

ligaments

Question 35

joint motion

Answer 35

arthrokinematics

Question 36

no joint cavity, connective tissue, or cartilage; little to no movement

Answer 36

non-synovial joints

Question 37

held together by joint capsules and ligaments

Answer 37

synovial joints

Question 38

roll, slide, and spin

Answer 38

major motion types

Question 39

Important joint types

Answer 39

Hinge and Ball-and-Socket

Question 40

elbows, ankles; sagittal plane movement

Answer 40

Hinge

Question 41

shoulders, hips; most mobile, all three planes of motion

Answer 41

Ball-and-Socket

Question 42

the best method to strengthen bones

Answer 42

Weight-bearing exercises

Question 43

system of glands; secretes hormones to regulate bodily function

Answer 43

endocrine system

Question 44

anabolic hormone; responsible for male sex traits

Answer 44

testosterone