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Domain 1 Flashcards

1
Q

ICS2 Code of Ethics

A
  1. Protect Society, the commonwealth, the infrastructure
  2. Act honorably, honestly, justly, legally
  3. Provide diligent and competent service to principals
  4. Advance and protect the profession
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2
Q

4 Levels of Security Policy Development

A
  1. Acceptable use policy
  2. Security baselines
  3. Security guidelines
  4. security procedures
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3
Q

3 types of security plans

A
  1. Strategic (long term, stable, risk assessment, 5 year)
  2. Tactical (mid term, details on goals of strategic plan, 1 year)
  3. Operational (short term, highly detailed, based on strategic + tactical, monthly/quarterly)
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4
Q

Primary risk management framework for the exam

A

NIST 800-37

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5
Q

Secondary risk management frameworks for the exam

A
  1. OCTAVE
  2. FAIR
  3. TARA
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6
Q

7 steps of risk management framework (RMF), especially NIST 800-37

A
  1. PREPARE to execute the RMF
  2. CATEGORIZE information systems
  3. SELECT security controls
  4. IMPLEMENT security controls
  5. ASSESS security controls
  6. AUTHORIZE the system
  7. MONITOR the security controls

People Can See I Am Always Monitoring

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7
Q

Fact on risk management

A

Not every risk can be mitigated

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8
Q

Who decides how risk is handled?

A

Management

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9
Q

What should I do in case of legal issues?

A

Calling an attorney

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10
Q

Inherent Risk

A

Newly identified, not addressed with strategies, absence of controls

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11
Q

Total risk

A

amount of risk WITHOUT ANY safeguards + controls

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12
Q

Formula Total Risk

A

total risk = threats * vulnerabilities * asset value

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13
Q

Formula Risk

A

risk = threat * vulnerabilities

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14
Q

6 major steps of Quantitative Risk Analysis

A
  1. INVENTORY assets and assign value (AV)
  2. Identify THREATS (+ calculate EF and SLE)
  3. Perform a THREAT ANALYSIS (+ calculate likelihood in single year –> ARO=
  4. Estimate the POTENTIAL LOSS (by calculating ALE)
  5. Research COUNTERMEASURES for threat (+ calculate change to ARO and ALE)
  6. Perform a COST BENEFIT analysis
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15
Q

Quantitative Risk Analysis

A

Dollar value, objective

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16
Q

Qualitative Risk Analysis

A

Scoring System (rank threats + effectiveness controls), subjective

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17
Q

Delphi Technique

A

qualitative, anonymous, feedback + response –> arrive at consensus

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18
Q

What threat agents do

A

exploiting vulnerabilties

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19
Q

Exposure Factor (=EF)

A

percentage of loss in case asset gets hit

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20
Q

Single Loss Expectancy (=SLE)

A

costs, single realized risk, specific asset

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21
Q

Formula for SLE

A

SLE = Asset Value (AV) x Exposure Factor (EF)

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22
Q

Annualized Rate of Occurrence (=ARO)

A

risk / threat frequency within single year

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23
Q

Annualized Loss Expectancy (=ALE)

A

yearly cost, realized threat, specific asset

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24
Q

Formula for ALE

A

SLE x ARO

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25
Q

Safeguard evaluation considerations

A

mitigate risk, transparent, difficult to bypass, cost effective

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26
Q

Formula Value of Safeguard

A

ALE before safeguard - ALE after safeguard - annual costs of safeguard = ALE 1 - ALE2 - ALC

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27
Q

Controls Gap

A

Amount of risk reduced by implementing safeguard

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28
Q

Formula Residual Risk

A

Residual risk = Total risk - controls gap

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29
Q

Threat Modeling

A

potential threats identified, categorized, analyzed –> goal = eradicate or reduce threats

proactive or reactive

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30
Q

Threat Model Focus

A
  • Focused on assets (asset valuation)
  • Focused on attacks (threats based on attackers goals)
  • Focuses on software (potential threats agains software)
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31
Q

STRIDE (threat model Microsoft)

A 
Spoofing
Tampering
Repudiation
Information Disclosure
Denial of Service
Elevation of privilege
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32
Q

PASTA (threat model, focus on AV)

A
  1. Definition of Objectives
  2. Definition of Technical Scope
  3. App Decomposition and Analysis
  4. Threat Analysis
  5. Weakness and Vulnerability Analysis
  6. Attack Modeling and Simulation
  7. Risk Analysis & Management
33
Q

VAST (threat model)

A

Visual
Agile
Simple
Threat

34
Q

Trike (threat model)

A

focus on risk based approach

35
Q

DREAD (threat model)

A 
Damage potential
Reproducibility
Exploitability
Affected users
Discoverability
36
Q

2 Types of Security Controls

A 
Safeguard = proactive
Countermeasure = reactive
37
Q

Control Types

A
  • Deterrent (discourage violation)
  • Preventative (stop unwanted/unauthorized activity)
  • Detective (discover/detect unwanted/unauthorized activity)
  • Compensating (options to other existing controls)
  • Corrective (return systems to normal)
  • Recovery (extension of corrective controls)
  • Directive (control the actions of subjects)
38
Q

Types of Law

A

Criminal Law
Civil Law
Administrative Law

39
Q

Computer Fraud and Abuse Act (CFAA)

A

first major piece of US cyber-crime-specific legislation

40
Q

Federal Sentencing Guidelines

A

punishment guidelines, help federal judges interpret computer crime laws

41
Q

Federal Information Security Management Act (FISMA)

A

formal infosec operations, for government

42
Q

Copyright and Digital Millennium Copyright Act

A

literary, music, dramatic work

43
Q

Trademarks

A

words, slogan, logos (identification of company, products, services)

44
Q

Patents

A

intellectual property rights of inventor (not secret)

45
Q

Trade secrets

A

Secret, absolutely critical to business (like Coca Cola recipe), must not be disclosed

46
Q

4 Licensing types

A
  • contractual
  • shrink wrap
  • click through
  • cloud services
47
Q

Absolute basis for privacy rights

A

4th amendment of the US constitution

48
Q

Healthcare specific laws

A

HIPAA, HITECH

49
Q

FI specific laws

A

Gramm Leach Bliley Act

50
Q

Law related to privacy of Children online

A

COPPA = Children Online Privacy Protection Act

51
Q

2 Laws related to Electronic Communication

A 
ECPA = Electronic Communication Privacy Act
CALEA = Communications Assistance for Law Enforcement Act
52
Q

5 Business Continuity Planning process steps

A
  1. Strategy DEVELOPMENT
  2. Provision and PROCESSES
  3. Plan APPROVAL
  4. Plan IMPLEMENTATION
  5. Training and EDUCATION
53
Q

Governance

A

the process of how an organization is managed

54
Q

Security Governance

A

the entirety of policies, roles, processes to make security decisions

55
Q

Security Control Frameworks

A
  • ISO27001/27002
  • COBIT = Control Objectives for Information and related Technology (maintained by ISACA)
  • ITIL = Information Technology Infrastructure Library (Best Practices for IT Service Management)
  • Risk Management Framework (especially NIST SP 800-37 + 800-53)
  • CSA STAR Cloud Service Alliance (Start Ratings for Cloud Service Providers)
56
Q

Due Care

A

What the organization owes its customers

57
Q

Due Diligence

A

Any activity to to demonstrate or provide due care, evidence of providing due care

58
Q

Risk Frameworks (NOT only RMF)

A
  • ISO 3100 (Risk Management Principles and Guidelines)
  • ISO 27005 (IT Security Risk Management)
  • COSO (ERM framework, financial reporting irregulatories and fraud)
  • ISACA (Risk IT, connect strategic risk with IT risk management)
  • NIST (RMF, SP 800-37)
59
Q

3rd party assessment and monitoring

A
  • ISO certified audits
  • CSA STAR evaluation
  • AICPA SSAE 16 SOC Reports
60
Q

Industry standards

A
  • set by industry participants
  • can eventually evolve into legal standard
  • may be accepted by regulators
  • examples: ISO, CSA STAR, Uptime Institute
61
Q

PII data examples

A
  • Name
  • Home address
  • Tax identification numbers / social security numbers
  • mobile telephone numbers
  • specific computer data (MAC address, IP address of users client)
62
Q

data owner / data controller

A

entity that collects or controls PII data

63
Q

data processor

A

creating, storing, sending, etc. on behalf of the data owner

64
Q

data custodian

A

manages data day to day (system admin, database admin, etc.)

65
Q

What kind of data storage is PCI DSS prohibiting?

A

CVV (Card Verification Value)

66
Q

Does the information security policy require signing by employees?

67
Q

Opposite of CIA

A

DAD = Disclosure, Alteration, Destruction

68
Q

IAAA - requirements for accountability

A
  • Identification
  • Authentication
  • Authorization
  • Accountability
69
Q

Responsibility of the ISO

A
  • Written products
  • CIRT
  • Security Awareness
  • Communicate risk to higher management
  • report as high a level as possible
  • security is everyone’s responsibility
70
Q

Wassenaar Arrangement (WA)

A

Dual use goods & trade, international cryptographic agreement, prevent destabilizing

71
Q

Section 302

A

CEOs CFOs can go to jail, in case they sign false info

72
Q

Section 404

A

describing logical controls over accounting files; good auditing and information security

73
Q

Wire tapping

A

eavesdropping on communication, only legal with prior consent or warrant

74
Q

Data Diddling

A

act of modifying information, programs, documents to commit fraud

tampers with INPUT data

75
Q

Water holing

A

creates a buch of websites with similar names

76
Q

Work function / factor

A

how difficult is it to get cipher text to clear text (cost/time)?

77
Q

SLR (Service Level Requirements)

A

requirements from a clients perspective

78
Q

Service level report

A

insight into service providers ability to deliver the agreed service quality

CISSP (2 decks)

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