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ag-aws cloud solutions architects associate > Dojo AWS Cheat Sheet > Flashcards

Dojo AWS Cheat Sheet Flashcards

1
Q

Availability Zone

A

Consist of one or more data centers, each with redundant power, networking and connectivity

Essentially a cluster of interconnected data centers in a specific geographic zone, that can help your applications become highly available

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2
Q

AWS Region

A

This consist of multiple Availability Zones

Since a single AZ consist of multiple data centers, your system can achieve a higher level of fault tolerance by running it in two or more AZs

This enables companies to build highly available, fault tolerant, and scalable cloud architecture instead of running their applications on a single data center

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3
Q

AWS Edge Networks

A

Consist of Edge Locations and Regional Edge Caches, which enables you to distribute your content with low latency to your global users.

By using these global edge networks, a user request doesnt need to travel far back to your origin just to fetch data

The cached contents can quickly be retrieved from regional edge caches that are closer to your end users

This is also referred to as a Content Delivery Network (CDN)

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4
Q

AWS Local Region

A

This is a single datacenter designed to compliment an existing AWS Region

Local Zone places AWS compute, storage, database and other select services closer to large population, industry and IT centers where no AWS region exists today.

To deliver low latency content to users around the globe, AWS has placed Points of Presence, which are either edge locations or edge caches

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5
Q

All Upfront Pricing

A

You pay for the entire Reserved Instance term with one upfront payment.

This option provides you with the largest discount compared to On Demand instance pricing

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6
Q

Partial Upfront Pricing

A

This option, you make a low upfront payment and are then charged a discount hourly rate for the instance for the duration of the Reserved Instance term

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7
Q

No Upfront Pricing

A

This option does not require any upfront payment and provides a discounted hourly rate for the duration of the term

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8
Q

Operational Excellence

A

The ability to run and monitor systems to deliver business value and to continually improve supporting processes and procedures

Organization - AWS Cloud Compliance, AWS Trusted Advisor, AWS Organizations

Prepare - AWS Config

Operate - Amazon CloudWatch

Evolve - Amazon ElastiSearch Service

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9
Q

Security

A

The ability to protect information, systems and assets while delivering business value through risk assessments and mitigation strategies

Security - AWS Shared Responsibility Model, AWS Config, AWS Trusted Advisor

Identity and Access Management - IAM, MFA, AWS Organizations

Detective Controls - AWS CloudTrail, AWS Config, Amazon GuardDuty

Infrastructure Protection - Amazon VPC, Amazon CloudFront with AWS Shield, AWS WAF

Data Protection - ELB, Amazon Elastic BLock Store (Amazon EBS), Amazon S3 and Amazon Relational Database Service (Amazon RDS), encryption, Amazon Macie, AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS)

Incident Response: IAM, Amazon CloudWatch Events

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10
Q

Reliability

A

The ability of a system to recover from infrastructure or service disruptions, dynamically acquire computing resources to meet demand, and mitigate disruptions such as misconfigurations or transient network issues

There are four best practice area and tools for reliability in the cloud:

Foundations - IAM, Amazon VPC, AWS Trusted Advisor, AWS Shield

Change Management - AWS CloudTrail, AWS Config, Auto Scaling, Amazon CloudWatch

Failure Management - AWS CloudFormation, Amazon S3, AWS KMS, Amazon Glacier

Workload Architecture - AWS SDK, AWS Lambda

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11
Q

Performance Efficiency

A

The ability to use computing resources efficiently to meet system requirements and to maintain that efficiency as demand changes and technologies evolve

There are four best practice areas for performance efficiency in the cloud:

Selection - Auto Scaling for Compute, Amazon EBS, and S3 for Storage

Review - AWS Blog and Whats New section

Monitoring - Amazon CloudWatch

Tradeoffs - Amazon Elasticache, Amazon CloudFront, AWS Snowball, Amazon RDS read replicas

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12
Q

Cost Optimization

A

The ability to avoid or eliminate unneeded cost or suboptimal resources

There are five best practice areas and tools for cost optimization in the cloud:

Cloud Financial Management - Amazon QuickSight, AWS Cost and Usage Report (CUR)

Cost Effectiveness Resources - Cost Explorer, Amazon CloudWatch and Trusted Advisor, Amazon Aurora for RDS, AWS Direct Connect with Amazon CloudFront

Matching Supply and Demand - Auto Scaling

Expenditure Awareness - AWS Cost Explorer, AWS Budgets

Optimizing Over Time - AWS News Blog and the Whats new Secrtion on AWS website, AWS Trusted Advisor

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13
Q

Sustainability

A

The ability to increase efficiency across all components of a workload by maximizing the benefits from the provisioned resources

Region Selection - AWS Global Infrastructure

User Behavior Patterns - Auto Scaling, Elastic Load Balancing

Software and Architecture Patterns - AWS Design principles

Data Patterns - Amazon EBS, Amazon EFS, Amazon FSx, Amazon S3

Hardware Patterns - Amazon EC2, AWS Elastic Beanstalk

Development and Deployment Process - AWS CloudFormation

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14
Q

Scaling Horizontally

A

An increase in the number of resources (more EC2 instances)

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15
Q

Scaling Veritically

A

an increase in the specifications of an individual resource

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16
Q

Instantiating Compute Resources

A

Automate setting up of new resources along with their configuration and code

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17
Q

Infrastructure as Code

A

AWS assets are programmable

You can apply techniques, practices and tools from software development to make your whole infrastructure reusable, maintainable, extensible and testable

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18
Q

Serverless Management and Deployment

A

Being serverless shifts your focus to automation of your code deployment.

AWS handles the management tasks for you

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19
Q

Infrastructure Management and Deployment

A

AWS automatically handles details, such as resource provisioning, load balancing, auto scaling and monitoring so you can focus on resource deployment

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20
Q

Alarms and Events

A

AWS services will continuously monitor your resources and initiate events when certain metrics or conditions are met

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21
Q

Alarms and Events

A

AWS services will continuously monitor your resources and initiate events when certain metrics or conditions are met

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22
Q

Well Defined Interfaces

A

reduce interdependencies in a system by allowing various components to interact with each other only through specific technology agnostic interfaces such as RESTful APIs

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23
Q

Service Discovery

A

Applications that are deployed as a set of smaller services should be able to be consumed without prior knowledge of their network topology details

Apart from hiding complexity, this also allows infrastructure details to change at any time

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24
Q

Asynchronous Integration

A

Interacting components that do not need an immediate response and where an acknowledgement that a request has been registered will suffice, should integrate through an intermediate durable storage layer

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25
Q

Distributed Systems Best Practices

A

Build applications that handle components failure in a graceful manner

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26
Q

Managed Services

A

Provide building blocks that developers can consumer to power their applications, such as databases, machine learning, analytics, queuing, search, email, notifications and more

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27
Q

Serverless Architecture

A

Allow you to build both event driven and synchronous services without managing server infrastructure, which can reduce the operational complexity of running applications

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28
Q

Relational Databases

A

Provides a powerful query language, flexible indexing capabilities, strong integrity controls and the ability to combine data from multiple tables in a fast and efficient manner

29
Q

NoSQL Databases

A

Trade some of the query and transaction capabilities or relational databases for a more flexible data model that seamlessly scales horizontally

It uses a variety of data models, including graphs, key value pairs, and JSON documents and are widely recognized for ease of development, scalable performance, high availability and resilience

30
Q

Data Warehouse

A

A specialized type of relational database which is optimized for analysis and reporting of large amounts of data

31
Q

Data Lake

A

An architectural approach that allows you to store massive amounts of data in a central location so that its readily available to be categorized, processed, analyzed and consumed by diverse groups within your organization

32
Q

Standby Redundancy

A

When a resource fails, functionality is recovered on a secondary resource with the failover process

The failover typically requires some time before it completes, and during this period the resource remains unavailable

This is often used for stateful components such as relational databases

33
Q

Active Redundancy

A

Requests are distributed to multiple redundant compute resources

When one of them fails, the rest can simply absorb a larger share of the workload

34
Q

Detect Failure

A

Use health checks and collect logs

35
Q

Synchronous Replications

A

Only acknowledges a transaction after it has been durable stored in both the primary storage and its replicas

It is ideal for protecting the integrity of data from the event of a failure of the primary node

36
Q

Asynchronous Replications

A

decouples the primary node from its replicas at the expense of introducing replication lag

This means that changes on the primary node are not immediately reflected on its replicas

37
Q

Quorom Based Replication

A

Combines synchronous and asynchronous replication by defining a minimum number of nodes that must participate in a successful write operation

38
Q

Automated Multi Data Center Resilience

A

Utilize AWS Regions and Availability Zones

39
Q

Right Sizing

A

AWS offers a broad range of resource types and configurations for many use cases

40
Q

Application Data Caching

A

Store and retrieve information from fast, managed, in memory caches

41
Q

Edge Caching

A

Server content by infrastructure that is closer to viewers, which lowers latency and hives high, sustained data transfer rates necessary to deliver large popular objects to end users at scale

42
Q

Share Security Responsibility with AWS

A

AWS Handles security of the cloud while customers handle security in the cloud

43
Q

Reduced Privileged Access

A

Implement Principle of Least Privilege Controls

44
Q

Security as Code

A

Firewall rules, network access controls, internal/external subnets and operating system hardening can all be captured in a template that defines a Golden Environment

45
Q

Real Time Auditing

A

implement continuous monitoring and automation of controls on AWS to minimize exposure to security risks

46
Q

Decouple your components

A

the key concept is to build components that do not have tight dependencies on each other so that if one component were to fail for some reason, the other components in the system will continue to work.

This is also known as loose coupling

47
Q

Think Parallel

A

This internalizes the concept of parallelization when designing architectures in the cloud

It encourages you to implement parallelization whenever possible and to also automate the processes of your cloud architecture

48
Q

Implement Elasticity

A

This principle is implemented by automating your deployment process and streamlining the configuration and build process of your architecture.

This ensures that the system can scale in and scale out to meet the demand without any human intervention

49
Q

Design for Failure

A

This concept encourages you to be a pessimist when designing architectures in the cloud and assume that the components of your architecture will fail

This reinforces you to always design your cloud architecture to be highly available and fault tolerant

50
Q

RTO

A

This is the time it takes after a disruption to restore a business process to its service level

51
Q

RPO

A

This is the acceptable amount of data loss measured in time before the disaster occurs

52
Q

Backup and Restore

A

Storing backup data on S3 and recover data quickly and reliably

53
Q

Warm Standby Solution

A

A scaled down version of a fully functional environment is always running in the cloud

54
Q

S3

A

This is a destination for backup data that might be needed quickly to perform a restore

55
Q

Import/Export

A

This is for transferring very large data sets by shipping storage devices directly to AWS

56
Q

Glacier

A

For longer term data storage where retrieval times of several hours are adequate

57
Q

Server Migration Service

A

This is for performing agentless server migrations from on premises to AWS

58
Q

Database Migration Service and Schema Conversion Tool

A

This is for moving databases from on premises to AWS and automatically converting SQL schema from one engine to another

59
Q

Storage Gateway

A

Copies snapshots of your on premises data volumes to S3 for backup

You can create local volumes or EBS volumes from these snapshots

60
Q

Elastic Load Balacing

A

This is for distributing traffic to multiple instances

61
Q

Route53

A

For routing production traffic to different sites that deliver the same application or server

62
Q

Elastic IP Address

A

Static IP Addresses

63
Q

Virtual Private Cloud (Amazon VPC)

A

For provisioning a private, isolated section of the AWS cloud

64
Q

Direct Connect

A

For a dedicated network connection from your premises to AWS

65
Q

Relational Database Service (RDS)

A

For scale of a relational database in the cloud

66
Q

DynamoDB

A

For a fully managed noSQL database service to store and retrieve any amount of data and serve any level of request traffic

67
Q

Redshift

A

For a petabyte scale data warehouse service that analyzes all your data using existing business intelligence tools

68
Q

CloudFormation

A

For creating a collection of related AWS resources and provision them in an orderly and predictable fashion

69
Q

Elastic Beanstalk

A

This is a service for deploying and scaling web applications and services developed

ag-aws cloud solutions architects associate (42 decks)

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