Doctrine Flashcards
1
Q
What are two tools the US uses to analyze the human domain?
A
PMESII-PT
METT-TC
2
Q
What does PMESII-PT stand for?
A
Political
Military
Economic
Social
Information
Infrastructure
-
Physical Environment
Time
3
Q
What does METT-TC stand for?
A
Mission
Enemy
Terrain
Troops
-
Time
Civilian
4
Q
What are the steps of Army Design Methodology?
A
Frame the Operational Environment (Current and Desired)
Frame the Problem
Develop and Operational Approach
Develop Plan
5
Q
What are components of ADM?
A
End State
COG
Decisive Operations
LOE/LOO
Operational Reach
Basing
Tempo
Phasing and transitions
Culmination
Risk
6
Q
What does UVDDLA stand for?
A
Understand
Visualize
Describe
Direct
Lead
Assess
7
Q
What is SWEAT-MS?
A
Sewage
Water
Electricity
Academics
Trash
-
Medical
Safety
8
Q
Describe a SWOT analysis.
A
Strengths
Weaknesses
Opportunities
Threats
9
Q
What is the National Security Organization?
A
President-led group of Executive Departments
10
Q
Who makes up the National Security Council?
A
VPOTUS
Secretary of State
Secretary of Energy
Secretary of Defense
Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs.
11
Q
What is the job of the National Security Council?
A
Advises the President on the integration of domestic, foreign and military policies as they relate to the national security.
12
Q
What are the three events that led to the DoD?
A
War Department established in 1789
National Security Act 1947
Goldwater Nichols Act 1986
13
Q
What did the National Security Act of 1947 do?
A
Created NSC
Created Branches
Created service secretaries
Created unified and specified COCOMs
Legitimized JCS
14
Q
Roles are…
A
Broad and enduring purposes for which the Services and CCMDs were establish by law. Organize, train, equip forces.
15
Q
Functions are…
A
Specific responsibilities assigned by the president and SECDEF.
i. DOD support and defend the Constitution.
ii. Ensure timely and effective military actions
iii. Uphold and advance natty policies
16
Q
Tasks are…
A
Clearly defined action or activity assigned to an individual or organization.
17
Q
Missions are…
A
Entails the task together with the purpose that clearly indicates the action to be taken and why.
18
Q
Six activities of UW.
A
1) Preparation of the Environment
2) Intel Operations
3) Sabotage
4) Subversion
5) Personnel Recover
6) Guerilla Warfare
19
Q
Define the chain of command from POTUS to COCOM
A
See diagram
20
Q
What are the five basic elements of doctrine.
A
1) Principles
2) Tactics
3) Techniques
4) Procedures
5) Terms and Symbols
21
Q
What is a Principle?
A
A principle is a comprehensive and fundamental rule or an assumption of central importance that guides how an organization or function approaches and thinks about the conduct of operations
22
Q
What are Tactics?
A
The ordered placement and maneuver of units in relation to each other, the enemy, and terrain to obtain decisive results
23
Q
Techniques
A
Are non-prescriptive ways or methods used to perform missions, functions, or tasks
More specific than tactics and less structured than procedures
(IPB, MFF, Dive, ADM)
24
Q
Procedures
A
They consist of a series of steps in a set order that are completed the same way, at all times, regardless of circumstances or a series of formats that must be used without variation
(Nine Line MEDEVAC, TLPs, SAT)
25
Terms and Symbols are...
Common language
Symbols are the language’s graphic representations
Makes a common understanding of doctrine possible
Established in joint publications, field manuals, and field manuals-interim
Symbols are always prescriptive
26
Describe Security Cooperation
Develop allied and friendly military capabilities for self-defense and multinational operations, and provide US forces with peacetime and contingency access to a host nation.
27
Describe Security Assistance
SA, while integral to FID, is also much broader than FID alone
SA is predominately aimed at enhancing regional stability of areas of the world facing external threats rather than internal threats and is under the supervision and general direction of DOS
28
Describe FID
A primary U.S. objective is the creation of a relatively stable internal environment; one in which economic growth can occur and the people are able to determine their own form of government
29
What is indirect support? Give an Example.
Indirect support to FID focuses on assisting HNs in anticipating, precluding, and countering threats.
Emphasizes the principle of self-sufficiency
This can include unit exchange programs, personnel exchange programs (PEPs), individual exchange programs, and combination programs
30
What is Direct Support? Give and Example.
Provide immediate assistance and usually combined with indirect support operations
Normally conducted when the HN has not attained or regained self-sufficiency and when it still faces threats beyond its capability for self-sustainment
Can focuses on CAO/MISO, planning and intelligence assistance, and training of local forces
31
Describe COIN.
COIN is a complex subset of warfare that encompasses all military, paramilitary, political, economic, psychological, and civic actions taken by a government to defeat an insurgency at the company, battalion, and brigade levels
At its heart, a COIN is an armed struggle for the support of the population
In order for a government to counter an insurgency, it must build legitimacy, unity, and stability
32
What are the four functions and the purpose of IDAD
The full range of measures taken by a nation to promote its growth and to protect itself from subversion, lawlessness, and insurgency is their Internal defense and development (IDAD) strategy
It focuses on building viable institutions (political, economic, social, and military) that respond to the needs of society
Balanced Development - Attempts to achieve national goals through political, social, and economic aspects of a nation-state
Security - Protects the population from all threats
Neutralization - Physically and psychologically separates the threatening elements from the populace
Mobilization - Proposes that responsive governance and material resources supports the society
33
What is a Pilot Team?
A deliberately structured organization comprised of Special Forces Operational Detachment members (likely augmented by interagency & other skilled personnel) designed to infiltrate a designated area to conduct preparation of the environment (PE) activities and assess the potential to conduct unconventional warfare (UW) in support of USG objectives.
Can be a vanguard or a Feasibility Assessment Team.
34
Define UW
Activities conducted to enable a resistance movement or insurgency to coerce, disrupt, or overthrow a government or occupying power by operating through or with an underground, auxiliary and guerrilla force in a denied area.
35
What are the four primary components of a resistance?
Guerillas
Auxiliary
Underground
Public Component
*Gov-In-Exile
**Shadow Government
36
What is the difference between prescriptive and descriptive doctrine? Give an example of each.
Prescriptive is a step-by-step process such as JMPI and descriptive is a methodology that requires decision making or input, such as MFF insertion.
37
Describe Subversion
Actions designed to undermine the military, economic, psychological, or political strength or morale of a governing authority.
38
Describe Sabotage.
An act or acts with the intent to injure, interfere with, or obstruct any war materiel, premises, utilities, human or natural resources for the national defense of a country.
39
Describe Guerilla Warfare.
GW comprises combat operations conducted in enemy held territory by predominantly indigenous forces on a military or paramilitary basis to reduce the effectiveness, industrial capacity, and morale of the enemy.
40
Describe Personnel Recovery.
PR is the sum of military, diplomatic, and civil efforts to affect recovery and reintegration of isolated personnel.
41
Describe Intelligence Operations
Tasks undertaken by military intelligence units through the intelligence disciplines to obtain information to satisfy validate requirements.
42
Describe PE
PE is an umbrella term for activities conducted in foreign countries to shape and prepare and area for future operations.
43
Describe the difference between clandestine and covert.
Clandestine seeks to conceal the operation and Covert seeks to conceal the identity of the actor.
44
What are the main components of the Area Complex?
Area Command
G-Base
Counter Intel Cell
Media Cell
Subversion Cell
Sabotage Cell
Intelligence Cell
Sector Command
45
Describe the Public Component
The overt political manifestation of a resistance.
46
Describe a Government in Exile.
A government that has been displaced from its country yet remains recognized as a legitimate sovereign authority of a nation.
47
Describe a Shadow Government.
A Shadow Government is the governmental elements and activities performed by an irregular organization that will eventually take the place of the existing government.
48
What are the levels of USG Support to Resistance?
No awareness of specific resistance
Awareness, but no interest
Policy interest
Political Feasibility Assessment
Operational Feasibility Assessment
Policy Decision to provide support
49
Key Efforts to Support Resistance.
1) Enable Political Activities
2) Shape the Information Environment
3) Provide Material and Non-Material Assistance
4) Conduct Military and Paramilitary Operations.
50
What is the Area Complex?
An area complex is a clandestine, dispersed network of facilities to support resistance activities in a given area designed to achieve security, control, dispersion, and flexibility.
51
What are the three Zones of a Comprehensive Security System. Provide a brief description.
Zone A - The insurgent base area itself
Zone B - Territory lying beyond Zone A that is not well controlled by the enemy.
Zone C - Enemy forces exercise relatively effective control, and population may be mostly hostile to the insurgents.
52
What are the Seven Phases of UW? Briefly describe each.
Phase 1 - Preparation - Unit mission preparation upon receipt of an order to conduct UW.
Phase 2 - Initial Contact - contact with specified resistance assets during mission prep or execution.
Phase 3 - Infiltration - moving into the denied area to conduct initial assessment and link up.
Phase 4 - Organization - confirmation of mutual objectives, principal assessment, and resistance cadre dev.
Phase 5 - Build Up - expansion pf resistance capabilities.
Phase 6 - Employment - Advise and support to employment of resistance capabilities.
Phase 7 - Transition - move from UW responsibilities to follow on missions.
53
What are the two components of an effective narrative?
1) They craft a believable story
2) They lay out a plan of action for those who encounter it
53
What are the three different types of framing?
1) Diagnostic Frame - contains a description of the problem
2) Prognostic Frame - articulates a proposed solution to the problem possibly including a plan of attack and a strategy
3) Motivational Frame - provides a rationale for engaging in collective action and involves the development of a vocab to mobilize people
54
What are the components of an Insurgency?
Guerillas
Underground
Leadership and Command
Auxiliary
Gov in Exile
G Bases
Area Command
Area Complex
Population
Public Component
Support Networks
55
What is Capstone Doctrine?
Provides the broad fundamentals and principles with which we frame keystone doctrine.
Joint capstone links Army capstone doctrine to the NSS and NDS.
56
What is Keystone Doctrine?
FMs at the Army level that are the doctrinal foundation for a subsequent series of FM's. Focus on coordinating the capabilities of Army forces to accomplish missions.
57
What are the domains?
Space
Air
Land
Space
Cyber
58
Define IW
The violent struggle between state and non-state actors for legitimacy and influence over the relevant populations.
Favors indirect and asymmetric approaches.
59
What activities make up IW?
CT
UW
FID
COIN
Stability Ops
60
What is the Special Forces Keystone doctrine?
FM 3 -18 Special Forces Operations, May 2014
61
Define Combat Support
Temporary solution until HN can stabilize the situation, should emphasize that the HN is at the forefront to maintain legitimacy.
62
During what phases of UW do Pilot Team operations take place?
Phase 1
Phase 2
Phase 3
63
Describe Coercion.
Forcing someone to do something they would rather not. Can be applied through supporting a resistance or insurgency.
64
Describe Disruption.
Has subtle effects that may be delayed, indirect, or cumulative effects. Used when regime change is assessed as challenging or impossible.
65
Describe Overthrow.
USG may sponsor UW to overthrow a state or occupying power when it is intended that the supported resistance will support appropriate leaders for political control.
66
What is the Underground?
A covert unconventional warfare organization established to operate in areas denied to the guerrilla forces or conduct operations not suitable for guerrilla forces
67
What is the Auxiliary?
The support element of the irregular organization whose organization and operations are clandestine in nature and whose members do not openly indicate their sympathy or involvement with the irregular movement
68
What is a Guerilla?
A combat participant in guerrilla warfare
69
What are the types of Insurgent Support Networks?
1) Logistics Support Networks
2) Medical Support Networks
3) Communications Networks
4) Info and propaganda Networks
5) Transportation Networks
6) Recruitment Networks
7) Intelligence and CI networks
8) Finance Networks
70
What is Army Doctrine?
Fundamental Principles with supporting TTPs, and terms and symbols used for the conduct of operations.
71
Two Capstone Doctrines.
ADP 1.0 and ADP 3.0
72
Mao's Three Phases.
Strategic Defense - Latent
Strategic Stalemate - GW
Strategic Offensive - War of Movement
73
Nine SF Principle Tasks.
FID
UW
COIN
CT
SR
DA
SFA
CWMD
PE
74
Define Asymmetry
Something you can do that your adversary cannot or will not do.
75
Define Hybrid Warfare.
Described by scholars as hybrid, full-spectrum, non-linear, next-generation, or ambiguous these conflicts mix psychological, media, economic, cyber, and military operations without requiring a declaration of war
76
Three types of Foreign Assistance
Development Assistance
Humanitarian Assistance
Security Assistance
77
Security Force Assistance
DOD activities that contribute to generate, employ, and sustain HN forces to support legitimate authority.
Includes FID.
78
What are the three types of Commands?
Combatant Command - Assigned by SECDEF geo/functional responsibilities
Unified Command - Broad continuing mission, two or more military departments.
Specified Command - Broad and continuing mission, single military department
79
Campaigns are...
a series of related major operations aimed at achieving strategic and operational objectives within a given time and space. Exceeds the scope of major operations
Global, Theater, and Subordinate
80
Operations are...
a sequence of tactical actions with a common purpose or unifying theme.
major operation is a series of tactical actions, such as battles, engagements, and strikes, conducted by combat forces coordinated in time and place, to achieve strategic or operational objectives in an operational area.
Does not have to be combat related
81
Describe SOCCE
Special Operation Command and Control Element
is the focal point for SOF/CF coordination, and the synchronization of special operations activities with other joint operations.
82
SOLE
Special Operation Liaison Element
A SOLE is provided to coordinate, de-conflict, and integrate special operations air, surface, and subsurface operations with conventional air operations.
83
SOLO
Special Operations Liaison Officer
SOLOs are in-country SOF advisors to the U.S. country team.
84
SOFLE
Special Operations Forces Liaison Element
is a task organized rotational SOF element deployed within a specific nation or embedded within CF to conduct liaison activities.
85
SOST
Special Operations Support Team USSOCOM representatives embedded with the NCR HQ of
interagency partners to foster interagency coordination and collaboration.
86
What is a Surrogate?
Controlled by an employer who bears some responsibility for their actions.
87
Resistances have..
Mutually supporting objectives and are influenced not controlled.
