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The CCC Mackinaw > Docent Details > Flashcards

Docent Details Flashcards

1
Q

What date was the Mackinaw decommissioned?

A

June 10, 2006

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2
Q

How long is the Mackinaw?

A

290 feet.

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3
Q

How wide is the Mackinaw?

A

74 feet, 4 inches. (or 5 inches depending on the source)

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4
Q

What is the draft of the Mackinaw when fully loaded?

A

19 feet, 2 inches

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5
Q

How much fuel can she carry

A

346,910 gallons of diesel
At today’s gas prices - $2.40 per gallon

$832,500 to fill her

Tanker trucks can hold up to 9,000 gallons
would take 38 trucks to fill her.

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6
Q

How much potable water?

A

40,200 gallons

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7
Q

How much water in her ballets, trim and heeling tanks

A

345,828 gallons

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8
Q

How much water can she pump through her heeling tanks?

A

112,000 gallons in 90 seconds.
That would be 448 tons

Or 160 tons of water from USCG info for docents in notebook
160 x2000/8= 40,000 gallons

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9
Q

What is the size and weight of forward propeller?

And function in ice breaking.

A

12 feet and 7.2 tons
Draws water from 150 feet ahead under the ice
Wash from prop pushes ice back along ship

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10
Q

What is size of stern propellers?

A

14 feet and 10.7 tons

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11
Q

When and where was keel laid?

A

Toledo, Toledo Ship Building Company, March 1943

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12
Q

Who completed the initial construction?

A

American Shipbuilding and Drydock Company
First went bankrupt due partially due to completion bonds and penalty clauses. And because bigger and unique design.
Launched March 1944

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13
Q

What is the weight -fully loaded ?

A

5,250 tons

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14
Q

The ship was white until the red strip was added - which occurred when?

A

1967

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15
Q

When was the ship painted red?

A

1998

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16
Q

When and why did initial talks about her decommissioning begin, and why didn’t they do it then?

A

In 1982, initial talks, decommissioned 10 other cutters.
Mac was older and less efficient ( esp. financially).
Hard to find parts for her engines - from 1938.
But smaller ship could not keep the straits open.

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17
Q

How much did it cost to build the Mackinaw?

A

$10 Million

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18
Q

What are relevant war dates?

A

Pearl Harbor attacked - December 7, 1941
D-day- June 6, 1944
VE Day - May 8, 1945
VJ Day - August 14, 1945

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19
Q

What are the dimensions of the New Mackinaw?

A

WLBB-30
240 ‘ long, 58’ wide, 16’ draft, crew of 55.
Propulsion Pods swivel 360 degrees
9200 horsepower
Can break through 32” of level ice at 3 knots ahead
And at 2 knots astern
Can break through 8-12 feet of brash ice

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20
Q

How tall is the Mackinaw?

A

Bridge is 30’ above the water.

Mast head is 105’.

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21
Q

Construction details - riveting.

A

No rivets. 30 miles of single bead welding.

Many of the welders were women (because of the war)

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22
Q

What date was the Mackinaw commissioned?

A

December 20, 1944

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23
Q

Strength of hull

A

1 ⅝ inch steel along ice-belt
1 ⅜ inch hull above water line
Ribbing is 16” on center

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24
Q

Engine details

A

Six Fairbanks Morse Diesel engines, designed for locomotives
2 stroke, opposed piston
2000 horsepower - 4-hour rate, 1750 hp continuous
10 cylinders with 20 Pistons
8” bore

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25
Generators for propulsion
6 generators- attached to Diesel engines Westinghouse 900 volts, 1375 kilowatts power Attached by electric cables to 3 electric motors that turn propeller shafts - 5000 horsepower each.
26
Crew details
``` Initially had 130 1982 reduced to 75 - went to 12 hours of operations 13 officers, 64 enlisted 2000 added women - 30 Average tour of duty. 2 years Typically- 4 hours on, 8 hours off ```
27
Speed
18. 7 knots | 21. 6 mph
28
Oil cooled
Water cooled the oil | Water in ice chest sometimes froze and had to empty ice by hand
29
How breaks ice
Not by ramming or plowing But by riding on top of and crushing Shape of boat- pointed bow and stern, football Rounded - allows to roll off ice Raked angle to ride up onto ice Reversible bow propellor to suck water from under ice and push ice back along hull
30
Ice breaking capability
``` 42" of blue ice 38-40' of windrows Typical 2-3' of ice 12-15' windrows ```
31
Generators for running electricity on board
3 Caterpillar diesel service generators - D379 V-8, 650 hp, 450 volts, 674 amps Updated/replaced during overhaul in 1982 Had to cut hikes through ship to get them out,then weld close again
32
Break out
Start of ice breaking season Started in mid-March, lasted 6 weeks Esp. Straits of Mackinaw, St. Mary's River to Soo locks, and White Fish Bay. Also break out harbors. Based on where needed by shipping. Decisions on where most needed made by Coast Guard station in Cleveland
33
Duties of the Mackinaw
Primarily ice breaking Also Search and Rescue (if already out), law enforcement Towing ships that ran aground or faltered Buoy tending - change winter buoys for summer ones and vice versa, resupplying Coast Guard land stations Support Chicago to Mackinaw and Port Huron to Mackinaw sailboat races Public Relations Coast Guard gathering in Grand Haven Christmas trees to Chicago
34
Fuel consumption at average speed
At 13.5 mph used 150 gallons per hour = 11 gallons to mile
35
Original pay for crew
$50 per month Paid in cash in $2 bills So local merchants would see impact of having the crew in town
36
Details of filling Mackinaw with diesel
Done twice a year. At today's gas prices - $2.40 per gallon $832,500 to fill her Tanker trucks can hold up to 9,000 gallons would take 38 trucks to fill her.
37
Fuel consumption breaking ice
Breaking sheet ice 2-3 feet thick managed 3- 4 mph | Used 600 gallons per hour = about 200 gallons per mile
38
Quarterdeck intro talk
Welcome Served 62 years- 1944-2006 Tour is self-paced. Follow yellow arrows. Down to engine room, up to pilot house Docents along way to give info and answer questions First stop Officers' Ward Room Video on importance of ice breaking to Great Lakes Shipping and some information to help you be safe while touring the ship today Enjoy!
39
Berthing area talk
Each rank had own head, lounge and bunk room- berthing area No talking in berthing area since different shifts so almost always someone sleeping Generally berthing area next to hull so noisy with ice scraping against hull Living quarters 1 deck above engine rooms which are also noisy. Ear protection recommended. Bunks used to be 3 high when had a larger crew
40
Engine room talk
``` Welcome to engine room 2 Diesel engine details ; power to generators and propellers Noise. Temperature. Bow propellor Trim and heeling boards ```
41
Pre Mackinaw ice breaking history
1872 beginning - 2 ships to breakout Alpena Harbor Train ferries designed with bow propellers 1936- Coast Guard charged with keeping shipping lanes free of ice
42
Number and call sign
WAGB 83 83 hull built Wind class, Arctic, Glacier Bay
43
Command structure
Captain in charge at sea. | Executive Officer in charge when docked.
44
1982
Considered de-commissioning the Mac Instead did a $1.7 million overhaul Replaced the generators with the Caterpillar ones. Replaced the big cranes on the fantail with a smaller one. 4of the 6 propulsion generators were overhauled Reduced crew to 75
45
Advantages of diesel electric
Diesel engines can be placed anywhere Power can be sent to any propellor Diesel engine can be run at most efficient rpm When reverse, only at the electric motor
46
Juniper class icebreakers details
225 feet, buoy tenders First built 2003 Crew of 50, 42 enlisted & 8 officers No special features to break ice, but could break ice up to 30"
47
Juniper class ships
Hollyhock WLB 214 in Port Huron | Alder WLB 216 in Duluth
48
Bay class icebreakers details
``` Built in the 1970‘s and 80's 140 feet by 37.5 wide Air bubbler system to break ice. Can break ice 20-30" Crew of 17, 14 enlisted & 3 officers ```
49
Bay Class ships
WTBG 101 - Katmai Bay in Sault Saint Marie Also in Saint Ignace is the Buckhorn WLI 642 at 100 feet by 24 feet WTBG 102 - Bristol Bay in Detroit WTBG 103 - Mobile Bay in Sturgeon Bay , WI WTBG 104 - Biscayne Bay in Saint Ignace WTBG 105 - Neah Bay in Cleveland
50
Galley info
6 cooks, usually 3 on duty at a time | $750 per day
51
Does the Mackinaw every leave the Great Lakes
Originally it was too wide to fit through the Welland Canal locks . But those locks were later widened to accommodate bigger boats. Width of locks 76'11" The Mackinaw is 74'5" But the Mackinaw requires fresh water to cool engines. Salt water would damage the engines. In 1967 it did travel to Montreal for the World's Fair.
52
Impact of Mackinaw's icebreaking on shipping
Lakes used to be iced in for 4.5 months a year. After Mackinaw started serving, opened an additional 6 weeks. Closed 3 months For each 10 additional dayside of open water would allow 3.5 million tons of raw materials forward. steel mills or grain for food 6 weeks = 14 million tons additional materials. Example- from March 25-May 21, 1947 The Mackinaw provided direct assistance to 1500 Vessels, and 100's of other ships able to use the channels that the Mac opened.
53
Big Bertha
Almon Johnson Constant tension towing winch Some years it was never used 94,000 lbs - maximum pull 308,000 lb breaking strength 2200 feet of cable, 2" thick , 6x27 strands Galvanized steel 6.72 or 7.4 lbs per foot
54
Locations on board
Quarter deck is 1-142-1 First digit- 1=main deck, next down is 2, next up is 01 Second digit- Rib number from bow, from 0 to 210 0-70 of main deck is officer country, berthing and lounges All enlisted men's quarters were below main deck Third digit - side to side, 0= centerline, odd #=starboard, even#=port
55
``` Terminology : Bathrooms Kitchen Eating hall Dishes washed First aid room Steering wheel in Pilot House ```
``` Heads Galley Mess deck (or Crew’s mess) Scullery Sick Bay Helm ```
56
Name of engines in engine space 2
Jake & Elwood
57
Purpose of Halon
Firefighting
58
Commanding officers
30 have served Last was Joe McGuiness, from 2003-2006 at rank of Commander
59
Deck Cranes
Original - two 12-ton cranes | Replaced in 1982 with a HiabCargo Crane, 1320 lb maximum radius load, 1980 lb. minimum radius
60
Anchors
Two Dunn Bower 6,000 lb anchors
61
Significant CGC Mackinaw History
May, 1947 - broke ice and freed up 38 ships and led them into Buffalo Harbor, and escorted another 49 ships out of harbor Next year did same for 12 ships in March involved with rescues of numerous ships that were damaged or sunk
62
Helicopter on board
H04S-2G helicopter on stern For 6-8 weeks of ice breaking season Made ice surveys for the icebreaker

The CCC Mackinaw (2 decks)

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