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PATHOLOGY (2nd year) > DOC. REFUERZO - HEAD & NECK > Flashcards

DOC. REFUERZO - HEAD & NECK Flashcards

1
Q

Demineralization of enamel and dentin
tooth loss before 35

A

DENTAL CARIES

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2
Q

Inflammation of periodontal ligaments alveolar bone, & cementum

A

PERIODONTITIS

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3
Q

Causes loosening & eventual tooth loss

• Origin of infective endocarditis

A

PERIODONTITIS

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4
Q

PAINFUL
SUPERFICIAL ORAL MUCOSAL ULCERATIONS
REGRESS 7-10 DAYS

A

APHTHOUS ULCER

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5
Q

APHTHOUS ULCERS
ASSOCIATED WITH IMUNOLOGIC DISEASES

A

CELIAC DISEASE
IBD
BEHCET DISEASE

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6
Q

HERPEX SIMPLEX
ON CHILDREN

A

GINGIVOSTOMATITIS

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7
Q

HERPES SIMPLEX
ON ADULTS

A

PHARYNGITIS

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8
Q

HERPES SIMPLEX ON
IMMUNOCOMPROMISED

A

CHRONIC MUCOCUTANEOUS INFECTION

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9
Q

ETIOLOGIC AGENT ON HERPES SIMPLEX INFECTIONS

A

HSV-1 & HSV-2

MORE COMMON HSV-1

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10
Q

HSV EXHIBITS LATENCY IN

A

TRIGEMINAL GANGLIA

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11
Q

HSV IN TRIGEMINAL GANGLIA

A

RECURRENT HERPETIC STOMATITIS

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12
Q

TRIGGERS FOR HSV

A

ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT
HIGH TEPMP EXPOSURES
TRAUMA
ALLERGIES
URTI
PREGNANCY
MENSTRUATION
IMMUNOSUPPRESSION

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13
Q

USE FOR DIAGNOSIS OF HSV

A

TZANCK SMEAR

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14
Q

EOSINOPHILIC VIRAL INCLUSIONS (COWDRY TYPE A)
MULTINUCLEATE POLYKARYONS : GIANT CELLS

A

HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS INFECTION

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15
Q

WHITE PATCH CANOT BE SCRAPED OFF

A

LEUKOPLAKIA

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16
Q

RED, VELVETY AREA ORAL CAVITY
ERODED AND SLIGHTLY DEPRESSED

A

ERYTHROPLAKIA

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17
Q

MORE OMINOUS
LEUKOPLAKIA OR ERYTHROPLAKIA

A

ERYTHROPLAKIA

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18
Q

MARKEDLY DYSPLASTIC MERGING WITH CARCINOMA IN SITU

A

LEUKOPLAKIA

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19
Q

REDDISH PLAQUE DUE TO VASCULAR DILATION

A

ERYTHROPLAKIA

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20
Q

SEVERE DYSPLASIA
CARCINOMA INSITI
MINIMALY INVASIVE CARCINOMA

A

ERYTHROPLAKIA

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21
Q

MOST COMMONCA OFTHE HEAD AND NECK

A

SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA - 95%

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22
Q

HIGH RISK IN HPV INFECTION

A

SCC
-TONSILS
-TONGUE BASE
-OROPHARYNX

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23
Q

RISK FACTOR OF SCC

A

TOBACCO
SMOKING
BETEL CHEWING
SUNLIGHT
PIPE SMOKING

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24
Q

SCC NON-HPV ASSOCIATED

A

KERATINIZING
-VENTRAL SURFACE OF TONGUE
-FLOR OF MOUTH
-LOWER LIP
-SOFT PALATE
-GINGIVA

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25
Q

SCC HPV-ASSOCIATED

A

NON KERATINIZING
-TONSILS
-TONGUE BASE
-OROPHARYNX

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26
Q

NEST ANDLOBULES GROWING WITHIN SHEET OF LYMPHOCYTES

A

HPV ASSOCIATED: NON-KERATINIZING

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27
Q

MARKER OF HPVN ASSOC SCC

A

p16

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28
Q

WORSE PROGNOSIS SCC

A

NON-HPV ASSOC

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29
Q

MC SITE OF LOCALMETS

A

CERVICAL LN

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30
Q

DISTANT METS COMMON IN:

A

MEDIASTINAL LN
LUNG
LIVER
BONES

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31
Q

REMNANTS OF ODONTOGENIC EPITHELIUM IN THE JAWS

A

ODONTOGENIC CYSTS

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32
Q

2 ODONTOGENIC TUMORS

A
  1. ODONTOMA
  2. AMELOBLASTOMA
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33
Q

MC ODONTOGENIC TUMOR
TX: LOCAL EXCISION
ECTOMESENCHYMAL DIFFERENTIATION

A

ODONTOMA

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34
Q

LOCALLY INVASIVE
TX:WIDE EXCISION
NO EVIDENCE OF ECTOMESENCHYMAL DIFFERENTIATION

A

AMELOBLASTOMA

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35
Q

NONKERATINIZING
STROMAL CHRONIC INFLAMMATION
IMPACTED OR UNERUPTED TOOTH
PROGRESS TO AMELOBLASTOMA

A

DENTIGEROUS CYSTS

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36
Q

KERTINIZED
CORUGATED EPITHELIAL SURFACE
POSTERIOR MANDIBLE
LOCALY AGGRESSIVE
EVALUATED FOR NEVOID BCCA SYNDROME (GORLIN SYN SYNDROME)

A

ODONTOGENIC KERATOCYST

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37
Q

NON KERATINIZING
ACUTE & CHRONIC INFLAMMATION
APEX OF NON VIABLE TOOTH
DENTAL CARIES OR TRAUMA
PERIAPICAL ABCESS
DO NOT GIVE RISE TO AMELOBLASTOMA

A

RADICULAR CYST

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38
Q

RARECOMPLICATION OF BACTERIAL PHARYNGITIS

A

LEMIERRE SYNDROME

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39
Q

MC ORGANISM IN LEMIERRE SYNDROME

A

FUSOBACTERIUM SP.

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40
Q

INFECTIOUS - RHINOVIRUS,CORONA, ADENOVIRUS
ALLERGIC (IgE MEDIATED)

A

RHINITIS

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41
Q

SEQUELAE OF RHINITIS

A

CHRONIC RHINITIS
SINUSITIS
NASAL POLYPS

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42
Q

MASSESOF EDEMATOUS MUCOSA WITH LOOSE STROMA

A

NASAL POLYPS

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43
Q

NASAL POLYPS IS AN IMPORTANT DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS FOR PATIENTS WITH

A

CHRONIC NASAL CONGESTION

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44
Q

MC CAUSE OF PHARYNGITIS AND TONSILITIS
BACTERIAL

A

MC- GABHS
THEN S. AUREUS

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45
Q

CAUSES OF PHARYNGITIS AND TONSILLITIS
VIRAL

A

RHINITIS
RSV
INFLUENZA

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46
Q

INFLAMED MUCOSA WITH OR WITHOUT EXUDATES
FOLICULAR TONSILLITIS (REACTIVE LYMPHOID HYPERPLASIA OF THE TONSILS

A

TONSILOPHRAYNGITIS

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47
Q

NASOPHARYNX BENIGN TUMOR

A

HISTO - BENIGN
BIOLOGICALLY - AGRESSIVE

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48
Q

HIGHLY VASCULAR - LEAD TO HEMORRHAGE
CTNNB1 (BETA CATENIN) MUTATIONS

A

NASOPHARYNGEAL ANGIOFIBROMA

49
Q

ASSOC WITH FAMILIAL ADENOMATOUS POLYPOSIS

A

NASAOPHARYNGEAL ANGIOFIBROMA

50
Q

FROM RESPIRATORY MUCOSA
LOW RISK HPV 6&11
MC FORM - EXOPHYTIC

A

SINONASAL (SCHNEIDERIAN PAPILLOMA)

51
Q

MUCOSAL NESTS INVAGINATE INTO THE UNDERLYING STROMA, EGFR MUTATIONS

A

INVERTED PAPILLOMA

52
Q

AFRICA- CHILDREN
CHINA - ADULTS

A

NASOPHARYNGEAL CARCINOMA

53
Q

EBV INFECTION
NITROSAMINES
SALTED FISH
SMOKING

A

NASOPHARYNGEAL CARCINOMA

54
Q

LEAST RADIOACTIVE

A

NASOPHARYNGEAL
KERATINIZING CARCINOMA

55
Q

MOST RADIOACTIVE

A

UNDIFFERENTUIATED CARCINOMA
NASOPHARYNGEAL CARCINOMA

56
Q

SYNCYTIAL NESTS OF MARKEDLY ATYPICAL CELLS IN A LYMPHOCYTIC BACKGROUND T CELLS

A

UNDIFERENTIATED CARCINOMA

57
Q

+ FOR EBV ENCODED RNAs
EBER-1 AND LMP-1

A

BASALOID SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA
NASOPHARYNGEAL

58
Q

TX FOR NASOPHARYNGEAL CARCINOMAQ

A

RADIOTHERAPY

59
Q

H.INFLUENZAE
RSQ
GABHS
TO LARYNGEAL OBSTRUCTION (PEDIA EMERGENCY)

A

LARYNGOEPIGLOTTIS

60
Q

PARAMYXOVIRUS

A

LARYNGOTRACHEOBRONCHITIS (CROUP)

61
Q

HEAVY SMOKERS
VOICE STRAINERS

A

REACTIVE NODULES

62
Q

NODULES

A

BILATERAL

63
Q

POLYPS

A

UNILATERAL

64
Q

SQUAMOUS EPITHELIUM
LOOSE MYXOID CONECTIVE TISSUE
NOT GO TO CANCER

A

RAECTIVE NODULES

65
Q

BENIGN BUT WITH HEMOPTYSIS

A

SQUAMOUS PAPILLOMA
PAPILOMATOSIS

66
Q

TRUE PAPILLAE COVERED BY AN ORDERLY STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS EPITHELIUM

A

SQUAMOUS PAPILLOMA
PAPILOMATOSIS

67
Q

ASSOC WITH LOW RISK HPV 6 &11
NO MALIGNANCY

A

SQUAMOUS PAPILLOMA
PAPILOMATOSIS

68
Q

RISK FACTOR
S-A-R-A-H

SMOKING
ALCOHOL
RADIATION
ASBESTOS
HPV INFECTION

A

LARYNGEAL CARCINOMA

69
Q

MC HISTOLOGY OF LARYNGEAL CARCINOMA
95%

A

SCC

70
Q

CMCIN ELDERLY MALES 6TH DECADE

A

LARYNGEAL CARCINOMA

71
Q

PERSISTENT HOARSENESS
DYSPHAGIA
DYSPHONIA

A

LARYNGEAL CARCINOMA

72
Q

S. PNEUMONIAE
NHIB
M. CATARRHALIS

A

ACUTE OTITIS MEDIA

73
Q

P. AERUGINOSA
S. AUREUS
FUNGI
MIXED

A

CHRONIC OTITIS MEDIA

74
Q

NON NEOPLASTIC CYSTIC LESIONS
COMPLICATION FROM CHRONIC OTITIS MEDIA

A

CHOLESTEATOMA

75
Q

KERATINIZING STRAT. SQUAMOUS OR
METAPLASTIC MUCUS SECRETING

A

CHOLESTEATOMA

76
Q

KERATINOUS DEBRIS
CHOLESTEROL SPICULES

A

CHOLESTEATOMA

77
Q

INFEXTION SPREADING TO SURROUNDSTRUCTURES ANDTO THE BRAIN

A

BRAIN ABSCES

78
Q

REMNANT OD 2ND BRANCHIAL ARCH

A

BRANCHIAL CLEFT CYST
(CERVICAL LYMPHOEPITHELIAL CYST)

79
Q

UPPER LATERAL NECKMASS ALONG SCM

A

BRANCHIAL CLEFT CYST (CERVICAL LYMPHOEPITHELIAL CYST)

80
Q

SEROUS OR MUCINOUS WITHDESQUAMATED CELLS

A

BRANCHIAL CLEFT CYST (CERVICAL LYMPHOEPITHELIAL CYST)

81
Q

WALL : LYMPHOID TISUE WITH PROMINENTGERMINAL CENTERS

A

BRANCHIAL CLEFT CYST (CERVICAL LYMPHOEPITHELIAL CYST)

82
Q

MOST IMP DIAGNOSISWHEN YOU HAVE BRANCHIAL CLEFT CYST

A

CYSTIC METASTASIS OF SCC

83
Q

REMNANTS OF THYROID GLAND DESCENT

A

THYROGLOSSAL DUCT CYST

84
Q

STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS ( UPPER)
PSEUDOSTRATIFIED COLUMNAR (LOWER)

A

THYROGLOSSAL DUCT CYST

85
Q

WALL ; THYROID TISSUE ISLANDS
RARE MALIGNANT TRANSFORMATION

A

THYROGLOSSAL DUCT CYST

86
Q

NEUROENDOCRINE NEOPLASM

A

PARAGANGLIOMA
(CAROTID BODY TUMOR)

87
Q

PARAGANGLIOMA
(CAROTID BODY TUMOR)
MC -

A

ADRENAL MEDULLA (PHEOCHROMOCYTOMAS)

88
Q

PARAGANGLIOMA
(CAROTID BODY TUMOR)
MC EXTRA-ADRENAL

A

HEAD AND NECK

89
Q

NEAR OR AT CAROTID ARTERY BIFURCATION

A

CAROTID BODY TUMOR

90
Q

ORGAN OF ZUCKERKANDL
BLADDER (RARE)
LESS COMMON INCIDENCE
SYMPATHETIC
POSITIVE CHROMAFFIN STAIN

A

PARAVERTEBRAL

91
Q

GREAT VESSELS OF HEAD AND NECK
MORECOMMON INCIDENCE
PARASYMAPTHETIC
NEGTAIVE CHROMAFFIN STAIN

A

AORTICOPULMONARY CHAIN

92
Q

FAMILIAL PARAGANGLIOMAS

A

MULTIPLE INDOCRINE NEOPLASIA 2 (PHEOCHROMOCYTOMAS)

93
Q

NESTS (ZELLBALLEN) WITH VASCUKAR SEPTA

A

PARANGANGLIOMAS

94
Q

SALT & PEPPER CHROMATIN NUCLEI - CHIEF CELLS

A

PARANGANGLIOMAS

95
Q

SUSTENTACULAR CELLS - SPINDLE SHAPED STROMAL CELLS
+S-100 PROTEIN

A

PARAGANGLIOMAS

96
Q

MC CAUSE :DRUGS
PROMINENT COMPONENT OF SJOGREN SYNDROME

A

XEROSTOMIA

97
Q

INCREASE INCIDENCE OF ULCERATIONS AND FISSURING

A

XEROSTOMIA

98
Q

most common type of inflammatory salivary gland lesion
MC : LOWER LIP

A

MUCOCELE

99
Q

TRUE CYST WHEN SUBLINGUAL GLAND DUCT IS DAMGED

A

RANULA

100
Q

Most common form of viral sialadenitis

A

MUMPS

101
Q

MC INVOLVED IN MUMPS

A

PAROTID GLAND

102
Q

MC GLAND IN SIALOLITHIASIS

A

MAJOR (SUBMANDIBULAR GLAND)

103
Q

MC CAUSE OF SIALOLITHIASIS

A

S. AUREUS
V. STREPTOCOCCI

104
Q

Most common site of tumors regardless of behavior:

A

PAROTID GLAND

105
Q

TUMOR BEING MALIGNANT IS ___ TO SIZE OF GLAND

A

INVERSELY

106
Q

MC TUMOR

A

PLEOMORPHIC ADENOMA

107
Q

2ND MC TUMOR

A

WARTHIN TUMOR

108
Q

MC PRIMARY MALIGNANT

A

MUCOEPIDERMOID CARCINOMA

109
Q

MC - PAROTID
ROUNDED, WELL DEMARCATED MASS
ENCAPSULATED
GRAY-WHITE
MYXOID
BLUE TRANSLUCENT CHONDROID STROMA

A

PLEOMORPHIC ADENOMA
BENIGN MIXED TUMOR

110
Q

DUCTAL CELLS
MYOEPITHELIAL CELLS

A

PLEOMORPHIC ADENOMA
BENIGN MIXED TUMOR

111
Q

MC- PAROTID
ROUN TO OVAL
ENCAPSULATED
PLAE GRAY
NARROW SYSTIC SPACES

A

WARTHIN TUMOR

112
Q

DOUBLE LAYER ONCOCYTIC CELLS
INNER COLUMNAR
OUTER CUBOIDAL

WITH LYMPHOCYTES

A

WARTHIN TUMOR

113
Q

SMOKING NOTABLE RISK FACTOR

A

WARTHIN TUMOR

114
Q

MC- PAROTID

MUCUS SECRETING CELS
SQUAMOUS CELLS
INTERMIDIATE CELLS

A

MUCOEPIDERMOID CARCINOMA

115
Q

PROGNOSIS DEPENDS ON GRADE OF TUMNOR

A

MUCOEPIDERMOID CARCINOMA

116
Q

MC - PALATINE GLANDS
MC FORM - CRIBIFORM

A

ADENOID SYSTIC CARCINOMA

117
Q

SMAL CELLS
SCANT CYTOPLASM
HYPERCHROMIC NUCLEI
PERINEURAL INVASION

A

ADENOID CYSTIC CARCINOMA

118
Q

WORSE PROGNOSIS IN MINOR SALIVARY GLAND

A

ADENOID CYSTIC ADENOMA

PATHOLOGY (2nd year) (6 decks)

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