Doacs Flashcards
Which DOACs inhibit thrombin and which inhibit factor Xa
Dabigatran inhibits thrombin
Edoxaban, apixaban, rivaroxaban inhibit factor xa
Andexanat alpha is the antidote for…
Apixaban
Rivaroxaban
Which DOAC doesnt have an antidote
Edoxaban
Ondexxya is also known as
Whats its indication
Andexanat alpha
Apixaban
Rivaroxaban
What is dabigatrans antidote
Idarucizumab (praxbind)
Praxbind is the brand name for
Idarucizumab
Whats anticoagulant is preferred in non valvular AF
DOACs
What anticoagulant is preferred in valvular AF
Warfarin
What causes more bleeding, DOACs or warfarin
Warfarin
When would you reduce/half the dose of a DOAC
ABCD
aged 80 or over
Body weight <61/60kg
Crcl 15-50
Drugs verapamil, Amiodarone, erythromycin, ciclosporin
What eGFR would you NOT use a doac in
EGFR <15ml/min/1.73m
When would you use a DOAC in stroke prophylaxis
If they have at least one of the chadvasc risk factors
Which is the only DOAC used in acute coronary syndromes with aspirin and clopidogrel
Whats the dose?
Rivaroxaban
2.5mg BD
Which DOACs are OD and which are BD
Rivaroxaban and edoxaban are OD
apixaban and dabigatran are BD
Rivaroxaban dose for VTE prophylaxis
10mg OD
When would DOACs be given in VTE prophylaxis
In elective hip/ knee surgery after LMWH or low dose aspirin
Rivaroxaban dose for stroke prophylaxis
20mg OD
Apixaban dose for VTE prophylaxis
2.5mg BD
Apixaban dose for stroke prophylaxis
5mg BD
What monitoring requirement is important in DOAC use
Renal/ kidney
DOACs are contraindicated in which syndrome? Why?
Antiphospholipid
It creates antibodies which cause increased risk of blood clots, risking patient of recurrent thrombotic events
What do patients on DOACs have to carry at all times
Patient alert cards
DOAC indications
Prophylaxis of VTE in elective hip or knee replacement surgery
Confirmed VTE treatment
Prophylaxis of stroke and embolism in NON VALVULAR AF PATIENTS
Rivaroxaban used in prophylaxis of ACS (2.5mg OD)
DOACs duration of action
12 hours - apixaban and dabigatran
24 hours - rivaroxaban and edoxaban
Is routine monitoring required in DOACs
No
DOACs - monitor signs of ….
Stop if …… occurs
Bleeding or anaemia
Severe bleeding
Which DOAC needs to be taken with food, at which strength
Why?
Rivaroxaban when given at strengths 15mg and 20mg need to be taken with food as it could affect the stomach causing GI bleeds
In stroke prophylaxis apixaban is given as 5mg BD, when would you reduce this dose to 2.5mg BD
They must have how many factors?
If they have at least 2 of the following factors:
Aged 80 or more
Body weight <60kg
CrCl 15-50ml/min
Creatinine 133mmol/l or more
ABCC
Rivaroxaban dose for confirmed DVT or PE
With food or without?
Initially 15mg BD for 21 days (3weeks) then 20mg maintenance
WITH FOOD
Rivaroxaban dose for prophylaxis of stroke and systemic embolism in patients with non valvular AF with at least 1 of the chadvasc factors
20mg OD
When is the only time rivaroxaban is given BD
Acute coronary syndrome
2.5mg BD
Confirmed DVT/PE - 15mg BD for 21 days then 20mg daily
Rivaroxaban is given in prophylaxis of atherombotic events in ACS for a duration of……
12 months
2.5mg BD with food with aspirin or with both aspirin and clopidogrel
Rivaroxaban Dose for prophylaxis of atherombotic events in patients with artery disease or symptomatic peripheral artery disease at high risk of ischaemic events
2.5mg BD with aspirin
Dabigatran dose for prophylaxis of VTE following total knee replacement surgery in 18-74 yrs
110mg to be taken 1-4 hrs after surgery followed by 220mg OD for 10 days starting the day after surgery
Dabigatran dose for prophylaxis of VTE following total knee replacement surgery in 75yrs and over
75mg taken 1-4 hrs after surgery followed by 150mg OD for 10 days starting day after surgery
Dabigatran dose for prophylaxis of VTE following total knee replacement surgery in patients taking concomitant Amiodarone or verapamil
75mg 1-4 hrs after surgery followed by 150mg OD for 10 days starting day after surgery
Prophylaxis of VTE for knee replacement rivaroxaban dose
10mg OD for 2 weeks (14 days)
Prophylaxis for VTE for hip replacement rivaroxaban dose
10mg OD for 5 weeks (35 days)
Rivaroxaban dose prophylaxis of recurrent DVT or PE
10mg OD
20mg OD in high risk
Treatment of DVT/PE or prophylaxis of recurrent DVT/PE dabigatran dose
18-74yrs: 150mg BD for at least 5 days
75-79yrs: 110-150mg BD
Adults 80yrs or over: 110mg BD
Prophylaxis of stroke dabigatran dose
110-150mg BD
Rivaroxaban brand name
Xarelto
Dabigatran brand name
Pradaxa
Whats the cautionary label for ALL DOACS
Read the additional information given with this medicine
Dabigatran cautionary label
Swallow this medicine whole. Do not chew or crush
Rivaroxaban cautionary label
Take 15mg and 20mg with food or just after a meal
Apixaban prophylaxis VTE for knee replacement dose
2.5mg BD for 10-14 days
Apixaban prophylaxis VTE for hip replacement dose
2.5mg BD for 32-38 days
Treatment of DVT /PE apixaban dose
10mg BD for 7 days
Maintenance 5mg BD daily
Apixaban dose prophylaxis of recurrent DVT/PE
2.5mg BD
Apixaban prophylaxis of stroke dose, when would you reduce this dose and to what?
5mg BD
Reduce if aged 80 or over, body weight 60 or less, crcl 15-50 or creatinine >133
Reduce to 2.5mg BD
Edoxaban prophylaxis of stroke/AF
In 60kg or less give 30mg OD
In >60kg give 60mg OD
Edoxaban dose for treatment of DVT/PE
In 60kg or less give 30mg OD
In >60kg give 60mg OD
Edoxaban dose in prophylaxis of recurrent DVT/PE
In 60kg or less give 30mg OD
In >60kg give 60mg OD
When would you reduce edoxaban dose 60mg OD and reduce to what
Weight 60kg or less
Crcl 15-50
Drugs- ketoconazole, dronedarone, cyclosporine, erythromycin
Reduce to 30mg OD
When would you reduce apixaban 5mg BD and to what
How many factors
At least 2 out of 3 factors:
Age
Weight
Creatinine clearance
Creatinine >133
Reduce to 2.5mg
When would you reduce dabigatran 150mg BD and to what
Age 75-79, crcl 30-50ml/min and drugs (verapamil, Amiodarone): 110-150BD
Age 80 and over 110mg BD
DOAC contraindications
Antiphospholipid syndrome
Significant risk factors of bleeding
Concomitant treatment with other DOACs
eGFR <15ml/min/1.73m
Switching from rivaroxaban to warfarin (stop warfarin first to reduce risks of bleeding)