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Certified Assoc 2024 > DNS, Caching, Performance Optimization > Flashcards

DNS, Caching, Performance Optimization Flashcards

1
Q

Hosted Zone

A

represents a set of records that belong to a domain that allow DNS to query for the IP address that aligns to the domain

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2
Q

Route53

A

Advanced DNS service

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3
Q

List Route53 Routing Policies

A

Simple
Failover
Geolocation
Geoproximity
Latency
Multivalue answer
Weighted
IP-Based

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4
Q

Simple Routing Policy

A

Simple DNS response providing the IP address associated with a name

Responds to DNS queries

Configure DNS records with domain name to multiple/single IP with TTL

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5
Q

Failover Routing Policy

A

If primary is down (based on health checks), routes to secondary destination

has a primary and secondary record type

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6
Q

Geolocation Policy

A

Uses geographic location of client in e.g. Europe to route you to the closest region

has name, type, value, health, and geolocation

Health checks are optional

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7
Q

Geoproximity Policy

A

Routes you to the closest region within a geographic area

Uses traffic flow, must create a policy in traffic flow - specify coordinates to route to endpoints that include CloudFront, Elastic Beanstalk, S3, and IP addresses

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8
Q

Latency Policy

A

Directs you a region based on the lowest latency route to resources

has name, value, record type, health id and region

value can be load balancer or IP

Health checks are optional

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9
Q

Multivalue answer Policy

A

Returns several IP addresses and functions as a basic load balancer

Health check returns only healthy records

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10
Q

Weighted Policy

A

Uses the relative weights assigned to resources to determine which to route to

Configure DNS records with domains, IP and weight so that traffic is routed to be proportional to the record according to the configured weight

Weights can be between 0 -255 (simplified values) or percentages

Health checks are optional

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11
Q

IP Based Policy

A

Uses the IP addresses of clients to make routing decisions

Create CIDR collections = are used to define IP addresses and CIDR blocks of clients

Routing rules can be created to route based on CIDR collection

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12
Q

Top Level domain

subdomain

hostname

A

last word of a Fully qualified domain name, e.g. com

Subdomains are everything outside of the top level e.g. example.com - example is subdomain; subdomain is subdivision of a domain name for organizing a set of related resources or services

first word in domain name (www.example.com)

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13
Q

Route 53 Features

A

Domain name registration
Hosted zones (support DNS resolution, query)
Health checks
Traffic flow

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14
Q

A record type

A

maps a domain name to an IP address

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15
Q

CNAME record type

A

maps a domain name to another domain name

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16
Q

MX records

A

returns mail servers for domain name

17
Q

TXT records

A

Associated text with a domain name (used for verification/authz)

18
Q

SRV records

A

maps a domain name to a specific service or protocol

19
Q

NS

A

specifies the authoritative DNS server for a particular domain

20
Q

SOA

A

Start of Authority records stores important information about a domain

21
Q

Public vs Private hosted zones

A

public hosted zone is accessible to the internet; created by default for new domain registrations

private zones can be used for internal AWS routing within you account

22
Q

Route53 health checks

A

perform health checks against EC2 instances, load balancers, and other IP endpoints

enable active passive failover - send traffic to other resources based on health

23
Q

Route53 Resolver

A

Allows Route53 to be forward request to another DNS server for DSN resolution

24
Q

Route53 Resolver Outbound Endpoint - describe configuration and provide typical use case

A

DNS server in corporate data center
VPN connects VPC to coporate data centet via customer gateway and VGW

Route53 is configured with Outbound Endpoint (in VPC subnets where DNS query could come from?), so that when AWS resource request item in corporate data center AWS will look up the record in Route53, Route53 will return the Outbound Endpoint location, which will forward to the corporate DNS for resolution

25
Q

Route53 Resolver Inbound Endpoint - describe configuration and provide typical use case

A

DNS server on corporate data center
VPN connects VPC to coporate data centet via customer gateway and VGW
Inbound Endpoint configured in VPC subnets, so that when client in the corporate data center request a resource results are returned by Route53 via the inbound endpoint

26
Q

CloudFront

A

CDN Content delivery network

get content closer to users

27
Q

CloudFront Origin

A

Origin of content (e.g. S3, EC2, etc)

28
Q

Edge Location

A

Caches all all over the world where users connect that connect to AWS resources using AWS Global Network (low latency, consistency, high throughput and performance)

content from the origin gets pushed from origin out and cached at the ede locations

29
Q

CloudFront Web Distribution

A

what you create in cloud front

speed up distribution of static and dynamic content
Distribute media files using HTTP/S
Add, update, or delete objects, and submit data from web forms
Use live streaming to stream an event in real time

30
Q

What behaviors can you configure in a Cloud Front Distribution

A

Path Pattern - direct to origin based on path (e.g. go to S3 bucket a or EC2 depending on path)
Viewer Protocol Policy - e.g. redirect to https
Cache Policy - ttl
Origin Request Policy

31
Q

Regional Edge Cache

A

12 edge caches that sit between edge locations and regions (vs 210 edge locations)

large cache to hold more content

32
Q

How long is the default TTL for CloudFront?

A

24 hours

33
Q

When does an object have to fetched from CloudFront origin?

A

When there is a Cache MISS at the edge location and regional edge location

34
Q

When should you reduce TTL?

When should you increase TTL?

A

for dynamic content

for better performance and reduce load on origin

Certified Assoc 2024 (11 decks)

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