DNA Viruses 2: Herpes virus

Question 1

Name some infections caused by herpes

Answer 1

Chicken Pox
Mononucleosis
Birth Defects
Cancer

Question 2

Describe the herpes virus life cycle

Answer 2

Fusion (tegument enters)
genome enters nucleus
transcription and replication (viral polym) occurs in the nucleus
translation occurs outside the nucleus

immediate early: proteins for transcription

early: proteins for replication
late: proteins for virion

exocytosis

Question 3

HV latency

Answer 3

genome is present in a cell but infectious virions are absent

the genome is retained for life

Question 4

HSV-1 Primary
spread
symptoms
latency?

Answer 4

spread through close contact (often parent –> child)
Lesions on face, nose, eyes
latency in neurons

Question 5

HSV-1 Recurrent
symptoms
trigger

Answer 5

tingling and itching precedes (prodrome)
Contagious lesions on lips, eyes, fingers, genitals
triggered by stress

Question 6

HSV in the brain

describe primary and recurrent

Answer 6

primary often causes meningitis

Recurrent causes encephalitis

Question 7

HSV-2 Primary
spread
symptoms
latency

Answer 7

• spread through close contact between mucous membranes (peers)
• symptoms include: lesions, pain, itching, fever, malaise, headache
• usually below the waist
• latency in neurons

Question 8

HSV-2 Recurrent

symptoms

Answer 8

Prodrome
Lesion below belt, eyes, mouth
transmission can occur without symptoms

Question 9

Chicken Pox primary
transmission
latency
symptoms

Answer 9

transmission: aerosol
Latency: in dorsal root gangli before rash
Symptoms: Dew drop on rose petal rash

Question 10

Singles Recurrent
who
symptoms

Answer 10

Elderly
prodrome
along dermatome
pain and itchy

Question 11

VZV diagnosis and treatment

Answer 11

Diagnose by clinical signs
no treatment unless complicated
some antivirals: acyclovir

Question 12

Epstein Barr Virus
Transmission
infects what?
latency

Answer 12

• Transmitted through saliva
• infects oral epithelial and B cells in tonsils
  childhood infections often asymptomatic
  older teens can get mononucleosis
• latent in B cells

Question 13

Recurrence of EBV

Malignancies?

Answer 13

Often only occurs in immunosupressed people
EBV is a transforming virus
lymphomas

Question 14

EBV Treatment and Diagnosis

Answer 14

Use clinical signs and blood smears (elevated WBC and atypical lymphocytes)
For cancer treat immunosupression and use oncotherapy
There are no useful antivirals or vaccines

Question 15

Cytomegalovirus (CMV)

Primary infection

Answer 15

usually asymptomatic

Syndrome like Infectious mononucleosis can occur (absence of sore throat and presence of rash = differ from EBV)

Question 16

Congenital CMV

Answer 16

Usually in babies whose moms had CMV during pregnancy
Very uncommon
Can cause hearing loss, other neurologic complications

Question 17

CMV and Immunosupression

Answer 17

AIDs patients and Organ transplant recipients/donor
Can cause transplant failure
causes death in AIDs patients

Question 18

CMV Diagnosis and Treatment

Answer 18

Pregnant women can not take any of the antiviral drugs

There is no vaccine

Question 19

Roseola
cells infected
transmission
symptoms
Diagnosis and treatment

Answer 19

Infects CD4 and T cells
Latency in these as well
transmitted in saliva
fever followed by rash
mostly in babies
no treatment- avoid giving antibiotics
prevent by normal hygiene