DNA Viruses Flashcards
Where do Alpha Herpes viruses…
- replicate
- shed (and when)
- remain latent
- REPLICATE in the the nuclei of epithelial cells in the respiratory tract, and in the nuclei of endothelial cells of the placenta
- SHED in respiratory secretions and vaginal secretions in times of STRESS
- Remain LATENT in the trigeminal ganglion
Where do Gamma Herpes viruses…
- replicate
- shed (and when)
- remain latent
- REPLICATE in the nuclei of lymphocytes (T-cells, B-cells, NK cells)
- SHED in secretions during LAMBING, contaminating feed bunks, water bowls, etc.
- Remain LATENT in lymphocytes
How do Alpha and Gamma Herpes viruses differ in their end results?
Alpha: apoptosis
Gamma: neoplastic transformation
Some of the cattle in your herd have died after developing ulcerative dermatitis (Red Nose). Necropsies were performed, and the results showed necrotizing tracheitis in all of them. What is your diagnosis for what killed your cattle?
Infectious Bovine alphaherpesvirus-1 caused the cattle to fall ill, but secondary bacterial pneumonia infections are what killed them.
A necropsy is performed on an aborted bovine fetus, on which you discover multifocal hepatic necrosis with intranuclear inclusions. What is your diagnosis?
The pregnant cow was infected with bovine alphaherpesvirus-1, and thus had viremia which infected the fetus via placenta, leading to abortion.
What do both the D752 and N752 strains of equine herpesvirus cause in infected animals?
Rhinopneumonitis (rhinitis, tracheitis, potential to extend into the lungs of young equine), and abortion of the fetus via placental vasculitis and thrombosis
Which strain of equine herpesvirus cause myeloencephalopathy, and how?
D752 causes neurologic disease following an outbreak of the strain
What are the two ways canine herpesvirus can be transmitted?
Respiratory droplets (aerosol transmission) or through the placenta if within 3 weeks of whelping
If a dam becomes infected with canine herpesvirus, will her current litter develop the disease?
Yes- the dam must develop immunity first, and then only any subsequent litters will be unaffected.
What are the main clinical signs a cat is infected with feline herpesvirus?
Sneezing, conjunctivitis that has developed into ulcerative keratitis (corneal ulcers), and potentially pneumonia as a secondary infection
What is the key-defining feature of Aujesky’s Disease in pigs, and pseudorabies in non-swine species?
- neurologic signs predominate in suckling piglets/non-swine species (virus spreads to regional lymph nodes and to the brain via the cranial nerves)
- abortion (infected sow)
Corneal edema (Blue Eyes), mucopurulent nasal discharge, and signs of neurologic are seen were seen in some cattle of your herd before they died. Necropsy shows hemorrhage from vasculitis, epithelial necrosis, and lymphoproliferation. What is your diagnosis? How did they contract the virus?
Malignant Catarrhal Fever
The virus was shed during lambing and picked up by other animals on your farm (i.e., cattle).
Which virus is described below?
- Replication in the nuclei of rapidly dividing cells
- Abundant intranuclear inclusion bodies in crypt epithelial nuclei
- Endemic in unvaccinated cats
Feline Panleukopenia (Feline parvovirus)
How do clinical signs differ in feline panleukopenia transmitted placentally versus fecal-oral ingestion?
Placentally: results in abortion or cerebral hypoplasia
For both, death can occur secondary to dehydration (from v+/d+)
A dam infected with canine parvovirus experiences abortion of her litter. What caused the abortion?
Abortion by myocarditis (with necrosis of cardio myocytes)
