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Biology > DNA to RNA Protein Synthesis Supplements > Flashcards

DNA to RNA Protein Synthesis Supplements Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What does DNA stand for?

A

Deoxyribonucleic acid

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2
Q

How many strands does DNA have?

A

2 strands

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3
Q

What is the name of the chemical building blocks that make up DNA

A

Nucleotides

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4
Q

What are the chemical building blocks of DNA made up of?

A

A phosphate group, a sugar group, and a nitrogen base

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5
Q

What shape does DNA make?

A

Double Helix

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6
Q

What is the sugar that makes up DNA and how many carbons does it have?

A

Deoxyribose and 5 carbons

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7
Q

What are the 4 bases of DNA

A

Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, and Guanine

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8
Q

What types of bond joins the nitrogen bases together?

A

Hydrogen bonds

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9
Q

Name the base parings for DNA

A

A-T
T-A
G-C
C-G

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10
Q

What does adenine and guanine create when joined?

A

Purines

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11
Q

What does thymine and cytosine create when joined?

A

Pyrimidines

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12
Q

What does RNA stand for?

A

Ribonucleic acid

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13
Q

How many strands does RNA have?

A

Single Strand

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14
Q

What is the purpose of RNA?

A

Gets DNA’s message out to organelles

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15
Q

What are the 4 bases of RNA

A

Adenine, Uracil, Cytosine, and Guanine

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16
Q

What is it called when you put the genetic alphabet together?

A

A genome

17
Q

What are the backbones of each stand of DNA

A

Phosphate and Sugar

18
Q

What is it called when the base pairs match up?

A

Complementary base pairing

19
Q

In DNA, if the base sequence on one strand is AGGCTA, the other complementary ______?

A

TCCGAT

20
Q

Where does the DNA stay?

A

In the nucleus

21
Q

How does DNA get out of the nucleus and into the cytoplasm to make a new protein?

A

RNA

22
Q

What is the whole entire process called?

A

Protein Synthesis

23
Q

What letter does DNA have that RNA does not?

A

DNA has Thymine while RNA has Uracil

24
Q

What is the first step needed to get out of the nucleus and into the cytoplasm to make a protein for the pancreas?

A

Transcription

25
Q

How many DNA strands are transcribed?

A

1

26
Q

To make the protein he DNA code must first be transcribed into a ____

A

mRNA

27
Q

What type of enzyme unzips the DNA strands/ uncoils them?

A

RNA enzyme

Biology (4 decks)

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