DNA Synthesis and Repair

Question 1

Gene

Answer 1

Small, specific protein

Question 2

What happens to the telomere or buffer zone

Answer 2

Gets cut off every time DNA gets copied

Question 3

Telomerase (enzyme) does what?

Answer 3

Lengthen telomere back to original length

Question 4

Overview of DNA Replication

Answer 4

Strand of DNA is pulled apart to make a new strand resulting in 2 strands

Question 5

What has to be placed for DNA to be placed during replication?

Answer 5

RNA primer called primase

Question 6

What does halicase do?

Answer 6

Break or pull apart strands of DNA

Question 7

What does topoisomerase do?

Answer 7

Makes sure the strand of DNA doesn’t get tangled

Question 8

What places the new DNA?

Answer 8

DNA polymerase 3

Question 9

How is DNA read?

How is DA laid down?

Answer 9

Read 3’ to 5’

Laid 5’ to 3’

Question 10

Where is the ‘leading strand’?

Answer 10

Moving towards the fork

Question 11

What are okolzaki fragments?

Answer 11

Form the lagging end

Move away from the fork

Question 12

What replaced the RNA primer (primase)?

Answer 12

DNA polymerase I

Question 13

What is ligase?

Answer 13

Glue that connects DNA fragments

Question 14

How many leading and lagging strands are there? How much new DNA is there?

Answer 14

2 leading, 2 lagging

4 new DNA

Question 15

What is the origin of replication?

Answer 15

Where DNA replication begins

Question 16

Why does DNA proof-read?

Answer 16

Sometimes there are mispairs

Question 17

What happens when proof-reading doesn’t work?

Answer 17

It is replicated

Question 18

What happens in mismatch repair?

Answer 18

Enzymes recognize mismatch and remove it to replace it with the correct sequence nucleotide