DNA studies

Question 1

Protein synthesis

Answer 1

Cells making protein needed to function.

Question 2

Transcription;
Inside the ____

Answer 2

Nucleus

Question 3

Transcription;
mRNA creates a

Answer 3

Message from the DNA

Question 4

Transcription;
Codon

Answer 4

3 bases

Question 5

Transcription;
Thymine changes to___

Answer 5

Uracils

Question 6

Translation;
Happens in the ____

Answer 6

Ribosomes

Question 7

Translation;
mRNA and tRNA translate ____

Answer 7

Messages from dna to make amino acid

Question 8

Translation;
Used codon chart to

Answer 8

Name aminos

Question 9

Translation;
How many amino acids are in the human body?

Answer 9

20

Question 10

Translation; What is always the start codon?

Answer 10

MET (aug)

Question 11

Translation; Amino acid chain =

Answer 11

Protein

Question 12

DNA and RNA # of strands

Answer 12

D- 2 (double stranded)
R- 1 (single stranded)

Question 13

DNA and RNA sugars

Answer 13

D- Deoxyribose
R-Ribose

Question 14

DNA and RNA nitrogen bases

Answer 14

D- ACTG
R-ACUG

Question 15

Weak bonds in nitrogen bases

Answer 15

Hydrogen bonds

Question 16

Strong bonds that holds DNA back bone together

Answer 16

Covalent bonds

Question 17

How does the central dogma says that info is disseminated from our DNA?

Answer 17

DNA —> RNA —> Protein

Question 18

What is DNA replication?

Answer 18

Process by which dna makes an identical copy of itself

Question 19

During the cell cycle the dna replication occurs?

Answer 19

S-Phase

Question 20

Where does DNA replication occur?

Answer 20

Nucleus

Question 21

What enzyme is responsible for unwinding the DNA double helix during replication?

Answer 21

Helicase

Question 22

What enzyme is responsible for the binding nucleotides together and editing the new strands of DNA

Answer 22

DNA polymerase

Question 23

At the end of DNA replication each new molecule of DNA has an old and new strand this is also known as

Answer 23

Semi- conservative

Question 24

Two steps of protein synthesis

Answer 24

1st Transcription 2nd translation

Question 25

Transcription-

Answer 25

Nucleus and produces MRNA

Question 26

Translation

Answer 26

Ribosomes and produced protein

Question 27

The form of ribonucleic acid that carries genetic info from the DNA to the ribosomes is

Answer 27

MRNA

Question 28

What are the monomers of proteins

Answer 28

Amino Acids

Question 29

The enzyme responsible for making RNA during transcription is called

Answer 29

RNA Polymerase

Question 30

During translation amino acids are brought to the ribosomes by molecules of

Answer 30

TRNA

Question 31

The same genetics code is used in ALL living things

Answer 31

True

Question 32

The sequence of three nucleotides that code for specific amino acids or stop signals in the synthesis of protein on MRNA is called

Answer 32

Codon

Question 34

Nucleotide sequences are complementary to codons in mRNA are called

Answer 34

Anticodons

Question 35

How does a ribosome know where to begin and end translations

Answer 35

Start codons, stop codons

Question 36

Why did MRNA have holes?

Answer 36

The holes in the MRNA represent the binding sites where ribosomes attach to read the codons during translation

Question 37

What is METhionine?

Answer 37

Amino acid coded by the start codon it initiates protein synthesis

Question 38

Where is ribosomes going? Why?

Answer 38

Moving along the mRNA strand to read the amino acids and facilitate the assembly of polypeptide chain

Question 39

What is a gene mutation

Answer 39

A change in the DNA sequence

Question 40

Pointmutation

Answer 40

Change in a single nucleotide

Question 41

Frame shift Mutation

Answer 41

Insertion or deletion by changing proteins or having no effect

Question 42

What are silent mutations and how do they occur

Answer 42

Don’t change the protein due to redundancy in the genetic code