DNA Structure and Replication

Question 1

What are 2 types of Nucleci Acid

Answer 1

DNA:deoxyribonucleic acid
RNA:ribonucleic acid

Question 2

What is Nucleotide?

Answer 2

They make up nucleic acids (the monomer)

Question 3

What are 3 parts of Nucelotide ?

Answer 3

1)Sugar:
Deoxyribose (DNA)
Ribose (RNA)
2)Phosphate
3)Nitrogen base:
Adenine
Guanine
Cytosine
Thymine (DNA only)
Uracil (RNA only)

Question 4

Who discovered DNA sturtucre?

Answer 4

discovered by James Watson and Francis Crick in 1953

Question 5

Double helix

Answer 5

like a twisted ladder

Question 6

What is DNA complementary base pair

Answer 6

A’s bond with T’s

C’s bond with G’s

Question 7

what are Nitrogen 2 Bases

Answer 7

1)Purines (small word, big base)
Adenine
Guanine
2) Pyrimidines (big word, small base)
Cytosine
Thymine
Chargaff’s rules
A=T and C=G
Weak hydrones bonds :hold the pairs together
A double bonds to T; C triple bonds to G

Question 8

What is DNA is antiparallel?

Answer 8

Antiparallel: The strands run in opposite or antiparallel directions.
1st strand runs in a 5’🡪 3’ direction and the 2nd 3’🡪 5’ direction

Question 9

antiparallel?

Answer 9

1) Phosphate end is always the 5’ end
2) Deoxyribose sugar is always the 3’ end

Question 10

Types of nitrogen bases in DNA and RNA

Answer 10

DNA) A, T, C, G
RNA) A, U, C, G

Question 11

Types of sugar used in DNA and RNA

Answer 11

DNA) deoxyribose
RNA) ribose

Question 12

The shape of DNA and RNA

Answer 12

DNA) double helix
RNA) single strand

Question 13

what unzips DNA

Answer 13

Enzyme Helicase unzips the DNA into two strands.

Question 14

what seals DNA

Answer 14

DNA ligase

Question 15

what is a laggign strand

Answer 15

NEW strand synthesis away from replication fork
Replicates discontinuously

Question 16

what is enzymes

Answer 16

Enzymes help find complementary bases and bind them according to base-pairing rules. (A-T and C-G)