DNA RNA And Protein Synthesis

Question 0

Nucleotides are composed of?

Answer 0

1. Pentose sugar
2. Nitrogenous Base
3. Phosphate group

Question 1

What makes up nucleic acid (DNA, RNA)

Answer 1

Nucleotides

Question 2

First type of base?

Answer 2

Based on Purine-2 ring
I) Adenine (A)
II) Guanine (G)

Question 3

2nd type of base

Answer 3

Based on Pyrimidine-1 ring
I) Cytosine (C)
II) Thymine (T) _DNA ONLY
III) Uracil (U)_RNA ONLY

Question 4

In DNA what pairs with what?

Answer 4

A pairs with T

G pairs with C

Question 5

In RNA what pairs with what?

Answer 5

A pairs with U

G pairs with C

Question 6

ATP
What is stands for
What it is made up of
Atpases
What it does

Answer 6

Adenosine Triphosphate
Adenine + ribose + 3 phosphate
Hydrolyze the 3rd phosphate bond to produce ADP + Pi + energy
Energy currency of the cell

Question 7

What does DNA stand for?

Answer 7

Deoxyribonucleic Acid

Question 8

Three functions of DNA

Answer 8

1. Replication (makes copy’s of itself for cell division
2. Undergo Mutations (changes, adapting)
3. Control Activity of the cell (protein synthesis)

Question 9

Characteristics of DNA

Answer 9

1. Bases: A,C,G,T
2. Double stranded Alpha Helix
3. Deoxyribose Sugar
4. Located only in Nucleus

Question 10

1. Mutation of DNA

Answer 10

Caused by naturally or by environmental Mutagens- chemicals radiation

Question 11

2nd Mutation DNA

Answer 11

Gene mutations-change of one or more nucleotide(s) in a single gene
Eg sickle-cell anemia

Question 12

3rd Mutation DNA

Answer 12

Chromosomal Mutation-change to the structure of a chromosome
Eg. Down’s Syndrome (trisomy 21)