DNA Replication (LT: 16, 17, 18, 19)

Question 1

he chain of amino acids forms a ____

Answer 1

polypeptide

Question 2

What is a codon?

Answer 2

Sequence of 3 nucleotides in mRNA

Question 3

For every codon there is ____ nucleotides.

Answer 3

3

Question 4

What is an anticodon?

Answer 4

Sequence of 3 nucleotides in tRNA.

Question 5

What is significant about the amino acid methionine (Met) in protein synthesis?

Answer 5

It is the “start” codon in mRNA –> signals the ribosome to begin translation.

Question 6

Is the stop codon included in the strand of mRNA codons? What are the possible stop codons?

Answer 6

Yes: UAA, UAG, UGA

Question 7

Where does transcription occur?

Answer 7

Nucleus of eukaryotes; cytoplasm of prokaryotes.

Question 8

Which enzyme catalyzes transcription?

Answer 8

RNA polymerase

Question 9

How does mRNA differ from DNA?

Answer 9

Shape: DNA is a double-helix, while mRNA is a single strand.W

Question 10

Where does translation occur?

Answer 10

Cytoplasm

Question 11

What is the function of tRNA?

Answer 11

To bring amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis.

Question 12

Why is protein synthesis a two-part process?

Answer 12

Because transcription (DNA synthesized to mRNA) is semi-independent from translation (mRNA being de-coded into amino acids).

Question 13

What is the role of DNA in protein synthesis?

Answer 13

Store and transmit genetic information.

Question 14

Transcription (What and where)

Answer 14

DNA is being synthesized into mRNA, happens in the nucleus in eukaryotes, and in the cytoplasm in prokaryotes

Question 15

Translation (what and where)

Answer 15

mRNA is synthesized into a sequence of amino acids, happens in the cytoplasm