DNA REPLICATION

Question 1

DNA SYNTHESIS =

Answer 1

DNA DUPLICATION=DNA REPLICATION

Question 2

There are three ways that
DNA can be duplicated

Answer 2

1. Conservative
2. Semi-conservative
3. Dispersive

Question 3

Conservative

Answer 3

original is left completely original.

Question 4

Semi-conservative

Answer 4

new DNA is half original and half new

Question 5

Dispersive

Answer 5

DNA is randomly duplicated

Question 6

Step 1 (Initiation) DNA helicases

Answer 6

unwinds & separates
the original DNA double helix.

Question 7

• These proteins wedge themselves
  between the two strands of the
  double helix and

Answer 7

break the hydrogen
bonds between the base pairs

Question 8

• As the double helix unwinds

Answer 8

the two complementary strands of DNA
separate from each other and form a Y shape.

Question 9

Step 2 (Elongation): New DNA is

Answer 9

formed from DNA template.

Question 10

RNA Primers attach

Answer 10

o specific regions (brought by DNA
primase).

Question 11

New nucleotides are added to the primer by

Answer 11

the enzyme DNA Polymerase according to the base-pairing rules.

Question 12

DNA polymerases

Answer 12

create the formation of the new
complimentary DNA molecule by moving along each strand in a 5’ to 3’ direction.

Question 13

DNA polymerase add nucleotide

Answer 13

to a new daughter compliment in a 5’ to 3’
direction only

Question 14

Step 2: Leading strand

Answer 14

Primers attach

Question 15

Primers are?

Answer 15

Primers are pre-made sequences of RNA

Question 16

Primers serve as tethers

Answer 16

from which replication can proceed from the 3’ end

Question 17

DNA Polymerase attaches

Answer 17

free nucleotides to the 3’ end of the primer.

Question 18

On the leading strand there is one primer

Answer 18

and the newly forming DNA follows the
replication fork as the new DNA is synthesized.

Question 19

the LEADING STRAND

Answer 19

It has its new strand continuously synthesized as helicase unwinds more DNA.

Question 20

the LAGGING STRAND

Answer 20

is discontinuous replication because it the bases are oriented in the wrong direction

Question 21

The lagging strand creates

Answer 21

a particular problem for replication

Question 22

Multiple primers attach to the lagging strand as the replication fork moves forward

Answer 22

creating what are known as “Okazaki
Fragments”

Question 23

A special enzyme, call ligase

Answer 23

joins Okasaki fragments
together to form one continuous molecule

Question 24

The process completes when

Answer 24

all the original bases have been paired with a new complementary nucleotide

Question 25

Each double-stranded DNA helix is now

Answer 25

made of one new strand of DNA and one
original strand of DNA