DNA protein

Question 1

Gamete

Answer 1

a mature sexual reproductive cell, as a sperm or egg, that unites with another cell to form a new organism

Question 2

Binary fission

Answer 2

Binary fission, asexual reproduction by a separation of the body into two new bodies. In the process of binary fission, an organism duplicates its genetic material,

Question 3

Gene

Answer 3

A gene is the basic physical and functional unit of heredity. Genes are made up of DNA. Some genes act as instructions to make molecules called proteins.

Question 4

Chromosome

Answer 4

A chromosome is a strand of DNA that is encoded with genes. In most cells, humans have 22 pairs of these chromosomes plus the two sex chromosomes

Question 5

Chromatid

Answer 5

is one half of a duplicated chromosome. Before replication, one chromosome is composed of one DNA molecule.

Question 6

Centromere

Answer 6

The region of the chromosome to which the spindle fiber is attached during cell division (both mitosis and meiosis).

Question 7

Homologous Chromosome

Answer 7

Homologous chromosomes are made up of chromosome pairs of approximately the same length, centromere position, and staining pattern,

Question 8

Diploid

Answer 8

Diploid is a cell or organism that has paired chromosomes, one from each parent. In humans, cells other than human sex cells, are diploid and have 23 pairs of chromosomes.

Question 9

Haploid

Answer 9

an organism or cell having only one complete set of chromosomes, ordinarily half the normal diploid number.

Question 10

Zygote

Answer 10

Zygote, fertilized egg cell that results from the union of a female gamete (egg, or ovum) with a male gamete (sperm).

Question 11

Karyotype

Answer 11

The characterization of the chromosomal complement of an individual or a species, including number, form, and size of the chromosomes.

Question 12

Cell Cycle

Answer 12

cell cycle is a series of events that takes place in a cell as it grows and divides. A cell spends most of its time in what is called interphase, and during this time it grows,

Question 13

Interphase

Answer 13

the resting phase between successive mitotic divisions of a cell, or between the first and second divisions of meiosis.

Question 14

Mitosis

Answer 14

a type of cell division that results in two daughter cells each having the same number and kind of chromosomes as the parent nucleus, typical of ordinary tissue growth.

Question 15

Cytokinesis

Answer 15

the cytoplasmic division of a cell at the end of mitosis or meiosis, bringing about the separation into two daughter cells.

Question 16

Cancer

Answer 16

a malignant growth or tumor resulting from the division of abnormal cells.

Question 17

Meiosis

Answer 17

a type of cell division that results in four daughter cells each with half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell, as in the production of gametes and plant spores.