DNA process of analysis

Question 1

Sample

Answer 1

Collect sample with DNA in it from the scene, small enough to fit into a small tube or beaker. Enough DNA to generate a profile.

Question 2

Extract

Answer 2

Extract the cellular material (DNA) from the substrate and then isolate DNA from the cells.

Question 3

Quantitative

Answer 3

Measure the amount of human DNA present

Question 4

Amplify

Answer 4

Amplify DNA by making many copies of the areas of interest through PCR; the areas of interest are the highly variable regions in DNA that are non-coding - because they will be different from one person to another, this is good for identification.

Question 5

Profile

Answer 5

Using gel electrophoresis to separate fragments by size and we are then able to build a profile using the DNA mixtures sorted by sizes.

Question 6

Chronological steps of the process

Answer 6

1. Sample
2. Extract
3. Quantitative
4. Amplify
5. Profile

Question 7

About DNA profile: what is profile, locus and allele

Answer 7

DNA profile is the profiling results obtained from the DNA sample due to the sizes of the fragments

locus: is the specific area or site on the DNA (pl. loci)
allele: an individual DNA profiling result

position of peaks are numbered to represent the length of allele fragment.

Question 8

Multiple DNA mixtures

Answer 8

three or four peaks at a single locus shows us that there is multiple DNA samples. Only one or two peaks per locus should be seen; should have same length of peaks if two peaks are present (shows us there are the same amount of alleles present).