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Biology DNA > DNA PART 2 > Flashcards

DNA PART 2 Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what determines the ‘identity’ or type of cell?

A

the functions of the cell, the genes the cell express

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2
Q

can a single gene code for more than 1 trait?

A

yes. A gene product (protein or RNA) can have multiple functions and thus affect multiple traits

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3
Q

what aspect not meat is the most difficult to mimic in lab grown meat?

A

texture

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4
Q

Human Development begins from a single-celled

A

zygote

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5
Q

An embryo develops from a single cell into multiple cells through the process of

A

mitosis

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6
Q

A partially differentiated cell that can give rise to many cell fates

A

progenitor

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7
Q

the future identity of a cell or its daughter cells

A

cell fate

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8
Q

which of the following is an example of a terminally differentiated cell?

A

Red blood cell

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9
Q

what process is depicted in the image below? Myeloid stem cell, blood stem cell, lymphoid stem cell

A

Differentiation

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10
Q

which of the following statements about gene expression is true?

A

the genes expressed by a cell will help determine its functions and features

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11
Q

According to the diagram below…

single cell— identical daughter cells one has neurons the other epithelial cell

A

the daughters cell eventually express different genes from one another

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12
Q

During embryonic development, how do cells that predicted by a cell’s identity, location, or genetic make up.

A

depending on the cells location it will be exposed to different mixes and concentrations of signaling molecules and transcription factors.

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13
Q

Which of the following statements about differentiation and development are true?

A

One of the major processes that occur during development is the differentiation of many different cell types

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14
Q

specialized adult cells that aren’t genetically reprogrammed to assume a stem cel like state

A

induced pluripotent stem cells

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15
Q

an example of human clones

A

identical twins

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16
Q

a method commonly used in reproductive cloning

A

somatic cell nuclear transfer

17
Q

what happens when a cell is deprogrammed?

A

It loses its functional specialization

18
Q

which of the following is a way in which a reproductive cloning has been repeatedly successfully used?

A

to clone dead or living pets

19
Q

compared to other types of cells, stem cells are often

A

less specialized

20
Q

which of the following statements about stem cells true?

A

both plants and animals have naturally-occurring stem cells in adults

21
Q

which one of the following characteristics is specific to stem cells ( and id not seen in progenitor cells)?

A

the ability to either repopulate or differntiate

22
Q

Dolly the sheep was cloned in the 1990s. She was the first – to be cloned from an adult, somatic cell. Through her genomic DNA sequences were identical to her mother, her— was actually different as it came from the egg of the surrogate mother.

A
  1. mammal

2. mitochondrial DNA

23
Q

what are some of the technical limitations to growing functional human tissues from stem cells?

A

Tissues have a specific 3-D architecture that is difficult to mimic the way cells are traditionally grown in the lab

24
Q

which of the following processes or technologies rely on reproductive cloning?

A

cloning a pet horse

25
Q

during the differentiation and maturation process for human blood cells. The ‘blood stem cells’ can give rise to —-. Myeloblasts and lymphobalstss are types of —– that give rise to white blood cells.

A

all of the above

progenitors

26
Q
  1. Bone marrow transcripts
  2. Therapeutic cloning
  3. Drug screening use personalized medicine
A
  1. somatic stem cells
  2. embryonic stem cells
  3. iPCS
27
Q
  1. Somatic cell nuclear transfer
  2. iPSCs
  3. The product of reproductive cloning
A
  1. D
  2. A
  3. E
28
Q
  1. Blood stem cells in bone marrow
  2. can be created from many cells types in an adult organisms
  3. can become any cell types in an organism
A
  1. somatic stem cells
  2. iPSCs
  3. Totipotent stem cells
29
Q

which of the following statement about differentiation and development are true?

A
  • one of the major processes that occurs during development is the differentiation of many different cell types
  • every time a cell differentiates, it takes on newer different functions
30
Q

compared to progenitors cells, stem cells are often

A

less specialized

31
Q

which of the following statements about stem cells true?

A

Both plants and animals have naturally-accruing stem cells in adults,
Unlike cells from donors, iPSCs allow proteins to potentially receive therapies that use their own cells

Biology DNA (1 decks)

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