DNA mutations Flashcards
Any change in the bp seq of the coding or regulatory region in the DNA is which kind of mutation?
Point Mutation
Germline mutation causes?
Affects the next generation,
Mutations are passed to the next generation,
Changes in the seq of germ-cells
Mutation rate-
occurrence of a specific kind of mutation in a cell per generation.
Mutation frequency-
Occurrence of a specific kind of mutation per individual cell or people.
Types of point mutation?
Base pair substitution,
Insertion and deletion
types of base pair substitution
Transition and Transverse
Effect of Insertion and deletion mutation?
Frameshift mutation, affecting the reading frame
Transition mutation-
one pair of purine-pyrimidine is replaced by other.
Transverse mutation-
pair of purine-pyrimidine is replaced by pair of pyrimidine-purine pair.
Effect of bp substitution on the translation of the strand
Missense mutation
Non-sense mutation
Synonymous or silent mutation
Neutral mutation
Missense mutation-
Alteration in the sequence of DNA causes the production of faulty proteins
Non-sense mutation
alteration causes the addition of a stop codon
Neutral mutation-
Change in bp causes the addition of an amino acid that is similar to the original amino acid in terms of properties.
Silent or synonymous mutation-
Change in bp sequence still adds the original amino acid
types of point mutation based on the effect on phenotype?
Forward mutation
Backward mutation
True reversion
Partial reversion
Forward mutation is-
Change from wildtype to mutant phenotype
Reverse mutation
mutation in mt causes reversion to the wt or near wt phenotype.
True reversion
if reverse mutation restores the original amino acid sequence
Partial reversion
when reversion occurs in another amino acid and restores the function either fully or partially.
Suppressor mutation
Mutation that causes the masking or diminishing the effect of other mutations by causing mutation in the same gene on another site or on other genes.
Types of suppressor mutation?
Intergenic
Intragenic
Intergenic suppressor mutation -
suppressor mutation on other genes
Intragenic suppressor mutation
Suppressor mutation on the same gene but at different site.
Induced mutation
Due to exposure to certain chemical or physical agents.
