DNA, genes & chromosomes

Question 1

what is the DNA molecules in prokaryotic cells like

Answer 1

• short

- circular

Question 2

what is the DNA molecules in the eukaryotic cell like

Answer 2

• long

- linear

Question 3

what are DNA molecules wrapped around in a eukaryotic cell

Answer 3

-protein called histones

Question 4

what other organelles contain dna and what is the structure.

Answer 4

chloroplasts
mitochondria

they are both short and circular

Question 5

what is a gene?

Answer 5

it is a sequence of DNA bases
code for:
- functional RNA
- sequence of amino acids

Question 6

what is the fixed position of a genes called

Answer 6

locus

Question 7

what is a triplet and what is its function

Answer 7

• it is 3 bases

function: code for a specific amino acids

Question 8

what is universal

Answer 8

the specific base triplet that codes for an amino acid which is in all organisms

Question 9

non- overlapping

Answer 9

when it is discrete and each base can only be used once only in one triplet

Question 10

degenerate

Answer 10

same amino acid can be coded for more than one base triplet

Question 11

what is an exon

Answer 11

coding amino acid

Question 12

what is an intron

Answer 12

non coding amino acid

Question 13

genome definition

Answer 13

all the genes in a cell

Question 14

proteome definition

Answer 14

all the proteins that is produced in a cell

Question 15

alleles definition

Answer 15

different version of the same gene

Question 16

homologous pair of chromosomes

Answer 16

same size chromosomes with the same genes but different alleles.