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DNA/Genes > DNA/genes > Flashcards

DNA/genes Flashcards

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1
Q

What are strands of DNA bundled into in a cell with a nucleus?

A

Chromosomes

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2
Q

What is the relationship between genes and DNA?

A

DNA carries the genes.

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3
Q

What is not true of DNA?

A

DNA is made up of 5 subunits.

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4
Q

What does the rungs of the DNA ladder look like?

A

A pair of bases

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5
Q

What are the subunits of DNA?

A

Nucleotides

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6
Q

What are nucleotides made up of?

A

A sugar, phosphate, and base

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7
Q

What are the pairs of DNA?

A

Adenine and Thymine

Cytosine and Guanine

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8
Q

If there is 30% of Cytosine in a sample of DNA, there will be 20% of what?

A

Adenine

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9
Q

Three bases code for one what?

A

Amino acid

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10
Q

What is the complementary strand of a DNA sequence to TAGTCA?

A

ATCAGT

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11
Q

What nitrogen base is not contained in DNA?

A

Uracil

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12
Q

For a DNA molecule to be replicated, or copied, what does a DNA molecule do?

A

Splits down the middle

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13
Q

What is the first step of DNA replication?

A

A strand of DNA splits down the middle

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14
Q

What are the units of of protein which link together in a specific order?

A

Amino acids

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15
Q

What carries the codes for making proteins?

A

RNA

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16
Q

What is the first step of protein production?

A

RNA making a mirror-like copy of a DNA sequence

17
Q

What is a permanent change in the genetic makeup of a cell?

A

Mutation

18
Q

What can a mutation produce?

A

The wrong protein

19
Q

What is genome?

A

The genome is the entire set of DNA on chromosomes.
Human genomes are made up of 23 pairs, or 46 chromosomes.
Strawberries have a genome.
The genomes of humans and chimpanzees are 99% similar.

20
Q

How is RNA different than DNA?

A

RNA is a single helix; DNA is a double helix.
In RNA, the base U replaces base T.
RNA is found in the cytoplasm and ribosomes.
RNA possesses a ribose sugar.

21
Q

What cell part synthesizes proteins using messenger and transfer RNA?

A

Ribosomes

22
Q

What super scientist would be interested in how ribosomes, cytoplasm, and nucleus are involved in the process of protein synthesis and DNA replication?

A

Cell biologist

23
Q

What is protein synthesis?

A

To create, or manufacture proteins

24
Q

What scientist said the amount of Adenine equals the amount of Thymine in DNA?

A

Erwin Chargraff

25
Q

What scientist discovered the double helix shape of DNA in 1953?

A

James Watson

26
Q

What scientist secretly took information from one scientist and provide it to other scientists?

A

Maurice Wilkins

27
Q

What scientist used x-ray diffraction to determine that DNA has a spiral shape?

A

Rosalind Franklin

28
Q

What scientist died before being awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for their discovery of the shape of DNA?

A

Rosalind Franklin

29
Q

What scientist said the amount of Cytosine equals the amount of Guanine in DNA?

A

Erwin Chargraff

DNA/Genes (1 decks)

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