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Life sciences > DNA Code of Life > Flashcards

DNA Code of Life Flashcards

1
Q

Tangled network of chromosomes located within the nucleus

A

chromatin

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2
Q

The individual threads that form a chromosome

A

chromatid

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3
Q

Structure joining two threads of a chromosome

A

centromere

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4
Q

A structure made up of two chromatids joined by a centromere that carries the hereditary characteristics within the DNA

A

chromosome

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5
Q

Adenine (A) always bonds to thymine (T) and guanine (G) with cytosine (C) in DNA molecule, to ensure the precision of DNA replication

A

base pairing

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6
Q

Tangled network of chromosomes located within the nucleus

A

chromatin

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7
Q

That part of the protoplasm within the nucleus

A

nucleoplasm

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8
Q

That part of the protoplasm outside the nucleus

A

cytoplasm

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9
Q

Segment of a chromosome that controls each characteristic/ a unit of sequenced pieces of DNA that carry the genetic information that will determine the hereditary characteristics of an organism.

A

gene

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10
Q

Nucleic acid that is a constituent of chromosomes

A

DNA

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11
Q

Characteristics that are passed from parents to offspring

A

gene

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12
Q

Natural shape of a DNA molecule

A

helix

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13
Q

Building blocks of nucleic acids consisting of a sugar, a base and a phosphate

A

nucleotide

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14
Q

The formation of an exact copy of the DNA in a cell

A

DNA replication

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15
Q

The original strand upon which a new strand is developed

A

template

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16
Q

The new strand that is made based on the sequence of nucleotides on the template

A

complementary strand

17
Q

The base that pairs off with guanine

A

cytosine

18
Q

The base that pairs off with adenine

A

thymine

19
Q

The base found in RNA and not DNA

A

uracil

20
Q

The chemical bonds which link base pairs in the DNA molecule

A

hydrogen bonds

21
Q

Process involving the formation of two new identical DNA molecules from an original DNA

A

DNA replication

22
Q

The three adjacent bases found on a DNA or m-RNA molecule

A

codon

23
Q

A single unit that makes up a larger molecule

A

monomer

24
Q

A large molecule which is formed from many small molecules (monomers)

A

polymer

25
Q

The type of DNA found only in the mitochondrion

A

mitochondrial DNA

26
Q

This is a nitrogen containing molecules either Adenine, (A); Thymine (T); Guanine (G); Cytosine (C) or Uracil (U).

A

nitrogenous base

27
Q

The building block (monomers) of RNA and DNA. Each nucleotide consists of a pentose sugar, a phosphate ion and a nitrogenous base.

A

nucleotide

28
Q

All the genes present in an organism

A

genome

29
Q

A sudden and relatively permanent gene / chromosomal change

A

mutation

30
Q

Carries the hereditary information of the organism and the molecule is a double helix (twisted) strand.

A

DNA

Life sciences (1 decks)

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