DNA cause why not Flashcards
What does DNA stand for?
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
What shape is DNA?
Double Helix
What Nucleotides are there in DNA?
Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, and Thymine
What are the three types of RNA?
mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA
What Nucleotide is unique to RNA?
Uracil
What can something like radiation do to your DNA?
It can mutate the strands
What are substitutions?
Swapping out one nucleic acid for another.
What is a missense mutation?
A substitution that changes an amino acid.
What is a silent mutation?
A substitution that changes a nucleic acid, but the end result of amino acids remain unchanged.
What is a nonsense mutation?
A substitution that ends the reading of RNA earlier than normal.
What is an insertion?
A mutation that places a new nucleic acid in between two that already exist.
What is a deletion?
A mutation that removes a nucleic acid
What is a frame shift mutation?
A mutation that changes the frame that is read, changing the entire amino acid sequence.
What gene mutations are frame shift mutations?
Deletion and Insertion
What nucleic acid changes when someone is diagnosed with Sickle Cell Anemia?
The nucleic acid CUC, translated to GAG, producing Glutamic acid, is replaced with CAC, which ends up being Aspartic acid
