dna and rna overview Flashcards
What type of DNA do prokaryotes have?
Singular circular DNA
What type of DNA do eukaryotes have?
Multiple linear DNA
Where is prokaryotic DNA located in the cell?
Held in the cytoplasm/nucleoid
Where is eukaryotic DNA located?
Nucleus
What additional organelles hold DNA in eukaryotes?
Mitochondria and chloroplasts also hold DNA
What is unique about the attachment of prokaryotic DNA during cell division?
Attaches to cell membrane during cell division
How does eukaryotic DNA attach during cell division?
Attaches to spindle fibres during cell division
In eukaryotes, how is DNA stored?
DNA stored in chromosomes (condensed DNA through histone proteins)
What are the components of a nucleotide?
Phosphate group, sugar, and a nitrogen base
What are nucleic acids made of?
Polymers made up of nucleotides
What elements are nucleic acids made of?
Carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorus
What is the structure of DNA?
Double stranded helix
What is the structure of RNA?
Single stranded
What are the complementary base pairs in DNA?
A↔T, C↔G
What are the complementary base pairs in RNA?
A↔U, C↔G
Can DNA leave the nucleus?
Cannot leave the nucleus (too big)
Can RNA leave the nucleus?
Can leave the nucleus (mRNA)
What type of sugar is found in DNA?
Deoxyribose sugar
What type of sugar is found in RNA?
Ribose sugar
What is the primary function of DNA?
Stores information
