DNA And RNA

Question 1

Transcription

Answer 1

Converting the code on DNA to a code on mRNA

Question 2

Translation

Answer 2

Converting the code from RNA to form protein

Question 3

Role of enzyme RNA Polymerase

Answer 3

Joins nucleotides together, (to give MRNA product)- to make RNA.

Question 4

Complementary Base

Answer 4

Each base has a different corresponding (matching) base

Question 5

Specific base pairs in DNA structure

Answer 5

1- Purines

2- Pyrimidines

Question 6

Junk DNA

Answer 6

Non-coding DNA

Question 7

How are the strands of a DNA molecule joined together?

Answer 7

By Hydrogen Bonding

Question 8

What is a protease?

Answer 8

An enzyme that digests protein

Question 9

Why is a protease necessary when isolating DNA?

Answer 9

DNA is combined with protein

Question 10

What are the main events in the REPLICATION OF DNA?

Answer 10

1- DNA unzips
2- new strands are formed

( free nucleotides link up with the matching exposed based on each strand)

• two identical double helixes are formed.

Question 11

Possible outcomes of mRNA codons

Answer 11

1- Start
2-Stop
3-Add an amino acid

Question 12

In which structures of the cell does translation occur?

Answer 12

In Ribosomes

Question 13

Role of mRNA

Answer 13

Carries instructions from DNA(in the nucleus) to a ribosome( in the cytoplasm).

Question 14

Role of rRNA

Answer 14

Binds mRNA to the ribosome

Question 15

Role of tRNA

Answer 15

Carries an amino acid From the CYTOPLASM (complementary to mRNA) to ribosomes. (Effectively to mRNA on the ribosomes)

Question 16

tRNAs (part two)

Answer 16

Bind with complementary codons in mRNA, amino acids assembled in the sequence determined by codons in mRNA

Question 17

How are the strands of a DNA molecule joined together?

Answer 17

By Hydrogen Bonding

Question 18

What is a protease?

Answer 18

An enzyme that digests protein

Question 19

Why is a protease necessary when isolating DNA?

Answer 19

DNA is combined with protein

Question 20

What are the main events in the REPLICATION OF DNA?

Answer 20

1- DNA unzips
2- new strands are formed

( free nucleotides link up with the marching exposed based on each strand)

• two identical double helixes are formed.

Question 21

Possible outcomes of mRNA codons

Answer 21

1- Start
2-Stop
3-Add an amino acid

Question 22

In which structures of the cell does translation occur?

Answer 22

In Ribosomes

Question 23

Role of mRNA

Answer 23

Carries instructions from DNA(in the nucleus) to a ribosome( in the cytoplasm).

Question 24

Role of rRNA

Answer 24

Binds mRNA to the ribosome

Question 25

Role of tRNA

Answer 25

Carries an amino acid From the CYTOPLASM (complementary to mRNA) to ribosomes. (Effectively to mRNA on the ribosomes)

Question 26

tRNAs (part two)

Answer 26

Bind with complementary codons in mRNA, amino acids assembled in the sequence determined by codons in mRNA

Question 27

Amino acids?

Answer 27

Bonded to make protein.

Question 28

Name a cell organelle apart from the nucleus, in which DNA is found

Answer 28

Mitochondria

Question 29

The genetic code is..,

Answer 29

A sequences of triplets that codes for the formation of protein.

Question 30

Gene?

Answer 30

A unit of heredity information located on a chromosome, made of DNA

Question 31

Triplet code(codon)

Answer 31

3 bases in sequence in a DNA strand that codes for a particular amino acid.

Question 32

Coding DNA

Answer 32

DNA in genes that codes for protein synthesis

Question 33

Triplets/codons on the mRNA strand

Answer 33

Attract complementary strands (anti codons), on TRNA molecules

Question 34

End of protein synthesis?

Answer 34

Amino acids detach from their tRNA molecules and bond together in the ribosome to form the new protein. Protein folds in 3D functional shape

Question 35

Where does protein synthesis occur?

Answer 35

In the cytoplasm

Question 36

DNA consists of

Answer 36

Double stranded nucleotides