DNA And RNA Flashcards
Nucleotide
Basic unity that dna is made of
Structure of nucleotide
Nitrogenous base (A T C G)
Pentose sugar
A phosphate
Phosphodiester bonds
Why is DNA a double helix
Compact shape and stable molecule
Why is DNA long
Allows large amounts of information
Why does it have a phosphate backbone
Strength
Why does it have complementary base pairing
Enables information to be replicated accurately
Bond holding together bases (across)
Hydrogen
Which bases are complimentary
Adenine and thymine (2H bonds)
Guanine and cytosine (3 H bonds)
What is the genetic triplet code
Each amino acid is coded for by 3 bases
Why is the genetic code degenerate
Some amino acids have more than 1 code
Why is the genetic code universal
The code is the same in all living organisms
What is a stop codon
A codon which make the RNA polymerase stop transcription
Mutations
Changes in DNA base sequence
Amino acid sequence changes
Change in bonds
Tertiary structure changes
Semi conservation replication (simple)
DNA strands separate
New molecules formed have old strand and new strand
DNA and RNA comparison
-DNA double stranded /RNA single stranded
-DNA has deoxyribose sugar/ RNA has ribose
- DNA has thymine base/ RNA has uracil
