DNA and RNA Flashcards
What is the purpose of DNA?
Hold genetic information.
What is the purpose of RNA?
Transfers genetic information from DNA to ribosomes.
What are ribosomes made from?
RNA and proteins.
Name the components of a DNA molecule.
Phosphate
Deoxyribose
Base
Name the components of an RNA molecule.
Phosphate
Ribose
Base
Name the bases that can be found in DNA.
Adenine
Thymine
Cytosine
Guanine
Name the bases that can be found in RNA.
Adenine
Uracil
Cytosine
Guanine
Name the bond between the phosphate and sugar in a DNA/RNA nucleotide.
Phosphodiester bond.
Describe how DNA/RNA is made from its monomers.
A condensation reaction between phosphate groups and sugars forms a phosphodiester bond and eliminates a water molecule.
Describe the backbone of a DNA molecule.
Describe the shape of a DNA molecule.
How are both strands held together in the double helix?
The phosphate and sugar form the backbone of the molecule.
The backbone strands run anti parallel to each other in a double helix shape.
The double helix is held by hydrogen bonds between the nitrogenous base pairs.
Describe the shape of an RNA molecule.
Single stranded
Compare the length of DNA and RNA molecules.
DNA is longer
RNA is shorter
If DNA is double stranded, what type of replication does this allow for?
Why?
Semi conservative replication
This is because both strands can act as a template.
How are weak hydrogen bonds between bases in DNA a strength for replication?
Weak hydrogen bonds allows for the DNA to be unzipped easily.
How is complimentary base pairing beneficial for DNA replication?
Ensures replication of DNA is accurate.
