DNA And Inheritance Flashcards
What are chromosomes made from
A very long molecule of tightly coiled DNA
What is DNA backbone made of
Sugar and phosphate
What are the bases called
Adenine & thymine
Cytosine & guanine
What are proteins
Long chains of amino acids
How many types of amino acids are there
20
Do genes make proteins
No, they just contain instructions to make them m. DNA is contained in the nucleus but proteins are built in the cytoplasm
What are the different versions of a gene called
Allele
What does homozygous mean
Two of the same alleles
What does heterozygous mean?
The alleles are different
What is a phenotype
The physical characteristic that appears
What is a genotype
The particular gene combination
Describe genetic engineering
The process where the structure and characteristics of a good gene are changed by transferring DNA from one organism to another
