DNA and Genes

Question 1

where is the DNA stored in plant and animal cells

Answer 1

nucleus

Question 2

what is the role of DNA?

Answer 2

DNA gives instructions for how a living thing develops and works and makes up their structure

Question 3

what makes up a nucleotide?

Answer 3

prosphate, sugar, base

Question 4

how many chromosomes are in a human body?

Answer 4

46

Question 5

what term is used for the shape of a DNA molecule?

Answer 5

a double helix

Question 6

what are the base pairs in DNA

Answer 6

AT and CG

Question 7

what type of thing is DNA?

Answer 7

DNA is a molecule

Question 8

DNA provides instructions for how amino acids join together to form what?

Answer 8

proteins

Question 9

what is a gene?

Answer 9

A gene is DNA that is passed down through generations. Genes also provide instructions to build proteins.

Question 10

where does a cell build the proteins it needs?

Answer 10

in the ribosomes

Question 11

which type of molecule makes partial copies of genetic code and carries them out of the nucleus.

Answer 11

RNA

Question 12

what is RNA?

Answer 12

RNA is the molecule that carries copies of genetic code from the nucleus to the ribosomes, where proteins are created. It is a long chain-like molecule that stores information in the form of a pattern of separate bases, similar to DNA.

Question 13

which base is replaced in RNA?

Answer 13

T is replaced with U

Question 14

what is a codon?

Answer 14

a codon is a group of 3 bases and they code for amino acids

Question 15

what do amino acids do?

Answer 15

amino acids make up proteins

Question 16

why is RNA used as a messenger?

Answer 16

Using RNA as a messenger allows the DNA to remain whole rather than being broken down into separate bits each time a protein is produced. When a protein is required, a small amount of RNA is quickly generated and delivered to the ribosome. This system also protects DNA