DNA and Cisplatin Flashcards
Where on each base is where it is attached to the 2-deoxyribose molecule?
The nitrogen with one hydrogen (hydrogen gets removed).
What type of reaction takes place when two nucleotides join together?
A condensation reaction (covalent bond) between 2-deoxyribose (OH is removed) and phosphate group (H is removed from OH) forming a sugar-phosphate backbone.
How many hydrogen bonds between guanine and cytosine?
3 hydrogen bonds
How do hydrogen bonds form between the nitrogenous bases?
Hydrogen bonds can only form between delta positive hydrogen interacting with an electronegative element with a lone pair of electrons like nitrogen and oxygen.
Why can’t hydrogen bonds form between adenine and guanine or cytosine and thymine?
The partially charged atoms will be too close to each other and repel or too far for a hydrogen bond to form.
What is cisplatin?
Cisplatin is an anti-cancer drug that is a square planar complex with a platinum metal ion (Pt II), two ammonia ligands, and two chloride ion ligands,
How does cisplatin treat cancer?
Cisplatin prevents DNA replication in cancer cells by a ligand replacement reaction with DNA in which a bond is formed between platinum and a nitrogen atom on guanine. The cell then dies as it is unable to repair itself.
What are the negatives of cisplatin?
Also affects healthy cells.
How can the negatives of cisplatin be reduced?
By giving lower doses and more targeted delivery to reduce attacks on healthy cells.
