DNA

Question 1

functions of DNA (3)

Answer 1

controls cellular activities makes copies of itself and undergoes mutation

Question 2

what are the cellular activities

Answer 2

reproduction and carrying a code

Question 3

DNA making copies of itself is called

Answer 3

DNA replication

Question 4

function of RNA

Answer 4

is necessary in all organisms for protein synthesis

Question 5

how is rRNA made

Answer 5

by the nucleolus in the nucleus migrates to cytoplasm

Question 6

how are ribosomes made

Answer 6

2 rRNA subunits combine with a protein

Question 7

mRNA

Answer 7

made by copying sections of DNA strand using transcription

Question 8

tRNA

Answer 8

carries amino acid from the cytoplasm to a ribosome for protein synthesis uses an anticodon

Question 9

anticodon

Answer 9

base sequence that is complimentary to the codon found on tRNA

Question 10

pyramidines

Answer 10

have a single ring structure (thymine cytosine uracil)

Question 11

purines

Answer 11

have a double ring (adenine guanine)

Question 12

nucleotide

Answer 12

pentose sugar nitrogenous base and phosphate group

Question 13

complimentary pairing

Answer 13

AT CG

Question 14

replication

Answer 14

making a complimentary DNA strand the new strand is called Semi conservative

Question 15

chargoffs rule

Answer 15

number of pyrimidines = purines

Question 16

semi conservative

Answer 16

half of the original molecule is conserved in each of the new molecules

Question 17

what occurs to DNA first

Answer 17

replication

Question 18

RNA sub units

Answer 18

5 carbon sugar ribose phosphate group nitrogenous bases

Question 19

RNA polymerase

Answer 19

the enzyme involved in transcription

Question 20

RNA polymerase

Answer 20

the enzyme involved in transcription add nucleotide to growing structure

Question 21

codon

Answer 21

3 letter unit of mRNA into a sequence of amino acids to form a primary polypeptide structure

Question 22

helicase

Answer 22

enzymes that bind and may even remodel nucleic acid or nucleic acid protein complexes

Question 23

helicase

Answer 23

unzips the DNA strand during replication

Question 24

genes

Answer 24

units of inheritance that control particular characteristics

Question 25

where are genes located

Answer 25

located on chromosomes

Question 26

where is DNA

Answer 26

nucleus

Question 27

where is RNA

Answer 27

nucleolus

Question 28

codon

Answer 28

the three letter sequence on mRNA that codes for amino acid

Question 29

anticodon

Answer 29

the three letter sequence on tRNA that is complimentary to mRNA

Question 30

3 types of mutagen

Answer 30

chemical. radiation virus

Question 31

3 types of mutagen

Answer 31

chemical. radiation virus

Question 32

chemical mutagen

Answer 32

cigarette smoke pesticides

Question 33

radiation mutagen

Answer 33

UV light cumulative affect

Question 34

viral mutagen

Answer 34

HPV cancer

Question 35

carnigogen

Answer 35

cancer mutagens

Question 36

somatic mutations

Answer 36

body cells after birth

Question 37

germinal mutations

Answer 37

mutation in the sperm and egg

Question 38

gene mutations

Answer 38

affects only one gene small scale

Question 39

chromosomal mutation

Answer 39

affects many genes

Question 40

where does translation happen

Answer 40

ribosome

Question 41

3 stages of translation

Answer 41

initiation, elongation, and termination.

Question 42

initiation

Answer 42

tRNA and mRNA join up forming a ribosome

Question 43

elongation

Answer 43

second stage amino acid chain grows