DNA Flashcards
blood test that breaks open blood cells and rearranges them in crystals. Workds on any organism with blood
Takayama Test
STR
Short Tandem Repeats
Is STR human specific? Can it determine sex? Can you analyze mixed samples?
Yes it only works with human DNA, thanks to the meloginan gene we can determine the sex and if the sample is nuclear DNA we can analyze mixed samples
Phenalthaline, Takeama, STR, if STR doesn’t receive a result go back and try a ouchterlomy
Sequence for blood testing
Dirthclothes phospotase, P30, STR
Sequence for semen testing
Amalase, STR
Sequence for Saliva testing
- Extract 2. Amplify (PCR) 3. Sequence 4. Sequence comparison
Mitocondrial DNA steps
type of DNA that is passed on maternally
mTDNA
300 base pairs, unique to reason
Hypervariable Reagan 1 and 2
Bones -powder
Teeth are grinder
Hair- telogen
mTDNA samples
How many states have active legislation for partial DNA matches?
10
Which states/ regions have active legislation against partial DNA
Maryland and District of Columbia
Is Nuclear DNA an Identification?
Yes
Where is DNA found in blood
white blood cells
Why can’t wee look at red blood cells for DNA?
they do not contain any DNA
Where do we find DNA in Saliva
Off of cheek cells
Where can DNA be found in a cell?
the Nucleus and Mitochondria
Which type of DNA is more plentiful?
Mitochondrial
2 copies per cell, 2x23 chromosomes, one copy per parent, unique to the individual (minus identical twins), 3 billion base pairs
Nuclear DNA
Why is DNA testing Valuable?
its an identification, can be retrieved from evidence, widely used, unique to the individual, and DNA is the same throughout the human body.
how many crime labs use Nuclear DNA
190
- extraction- take samples and apply them so that they release their dna
- amplification- its kinda like a copy machine
- STR detection- genetic analyzer see what is unkown and compare it to the known
STR Analysis Steps
Standard says that you lave to look at _ to _ bases
13 and 20
overarching check of the lab
Quality assurance
speaks about particular test (Make sure the equipment works)
Quality control
Locus
location