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Biology- DNA > DNA > Flashcards

DNA Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What are the names of the 4 nitrogen bases?

A

Thymine (T), Guanine (G), Adenine (A), Cytosine (C)

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2
Q

Which bases go together?

A

A,T and C,G

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3
Q

How many different types of bases are there?

A

4

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4
Q

What is the full name for DNA?

A

Deoxyribonucide acid

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5
Q

Does DNA have the same structure in all living things?

A

Yes

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6
Q

What are the smaller molecules called?

A

Nucleotides

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7
Q

What is the double helix made out of?

A

Sugar phosphate

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8
Q

What makes up a nucleotide?

A

Phosphate, nitrogen base, deoxyribose sugar

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9
Q

What is long threads of DNA called?

A

Chromatin

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10
Q

What is it called when lots of nucleotides join together?

A

They form a double helix

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11
Q

What forms between the nitrogen bases?

A

Hydrogen bonds

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12
Q

What does chromatin look like?

A

Cotton thread

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13
Q

What is it called when a DNA strand copies itself?

A

DNA replication

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14
Q

What happens when a cell is about to divide?

A

It coils around till it becomes short and fat

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15
Q

What is it called when a strand of DNA coils?

A

Condensed chromosomes

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16
Q

How many strands of DNA does every human cell have (besides gametes)

A

46 strands of DNA

17
Q

What is a gene?

A

A gene is a short section of DNA.

It is an instruction for protein.

18
Q

What does a gene control?

A

It controls a persons traits

19
Q

What are two examples of a trait?

A

Hair colour

Eye colour

20
Q

What breaks the hydrogen bonds linking the bases before a strand of DNA is about to split?

A

Enzymes

21
Q

Why does DNA replicate?

A

To create identical copies

22
Q

What are the identical copies called?

A

Cromatids

23
Q

What is DNA?

A

A long, thin molecule made up of nucleotides that carries genetic information.

24
Q

What is a chromosome?

A

A chromosome is a strand of DNA that coils up into a chromosome

25
Q

Who described the structure of DNA?

A

James Watson and Francis Crick

26
Q

What is the DNA model known as?

A

The Watson-Crick model

Biology- DNA (2 decks)

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